Efficient software-based fault isolation
SOSP '93 Proceedings of the fourteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Hardware support for fast capability-based addressing
ASPLOS VI Proceedings of the sixth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Hypervisor-based fault tolerance
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Hive: fault containment for shared-memory multiprocessors
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Exokernel: an operating system architecture for application-level resource management
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Extensibility safety and performance in the SPIN operating system
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Communications of the ACM
Microkernels meet recursive virtual machines
OSDI '96 Proceedings of the second USENIX symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Real-time computing with lock-free shared objects
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Hardware fault containment in scalable shared-memory multiprocessors
Proceedings of the 24th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Software reuse techniques: adding reuse to the system development process
Software reuse techniques: adding reuse to the system development process
Application performance and flexibility on exokernel systems
Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
The performance of μ-kernel-based systems
Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
GUARDS: A Generic Upgradable Architecture for Real-Time Dependable Systems
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Concurrent reading and writing
Communications of the ACM
Real-Time Systems
Software Cost Estimation with Cocomo II with Cdrom
Software Cost Estimation with Cocomo II with Cdrom
Priority Inheritance Protocols: An Approach to Real-Time Synchronization
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Resource Scheduling in Dependable Integrated Modular Avionics
DSN '00 Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (formerly FTCS-30 and DCCA-8)
Protection is a software issue
HOTOS '95 Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS-V)
Partition Scheduling in APEX Runtime Environment for Embedded Avionics Software
RTCSA '98 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
Loop-Free Asynchronous Data Sharing in Multiprocessor Real-Time Systems Based on Timing Properties
RTCSA '99 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
Structuring the Kernel as a Toolkit of Extensible, Reusable Components
IWOOOS '95 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Object-Orientation in Operating Systems
Partitioning in Avionics Architectures: Requirements, Mechanisms, and Assurance
Partitioning in Avionics Architectures: Requirements, Mechanisms, and Assurance
Implementing a generic component-based framework for telecontrol applications
Software—Practice & Experience
A software integration approach for designing and assessing dependable embedded systems
Journal of Systems and Software
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In the recent few years, integration of multiple real-time control modules has gained increased acceptance in the industry. Such integration can achieve lower overall hardware costs and reduced level of spares by sharing hardware resources among multiple applications. Single contemporary CPU can now harbor several applications which have been traditionally running on several older and slower computing platforms. However, the integrated approach faces new challenges such as the reusability of existing software and the prevention of fault propagation. The reuse of legacy application code, with minimal modifications, is strongly desirable since the cost of application re-development can be prohibitive. Resource sharing introduces dependencies among applications and thus requires additional design precautions to ensure that the effect of a failure in one application will not spread and impact other applications. This paper describes a two-layer software architecture, which enables the integration of multiple real-time applications while maintaining strong spatial and temporal partitioning among application modules. At the lower layer, a system executive creates multiple virtual machines. Each module accommodates an application with its choice of a real-time operating system. This architecture allows the reusability of existent software modules by enabling the integration of applications written for different real-time operating systems. The paper also addresses some issues related to the interapplication communication and to the handling of I/O devices.