Human motion analysis: a review
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Tracking Human Motion in Structured Environments Using a Distributed-Camera System
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The Recognition of Human Movement Using Temporal Templates
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
W4: Who? When? Where? What? A Real Time System for Detecting and Tracking People
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
Hydra: Multiple People Detection and Tracking Using Silhouettes
VS '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance
Recognizing Human Actions in a Static Room
WACV '98 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV'98)
Tracking and Recognizing Two-Person Interactions in Outdoor Image Sequences
WOMOT '01 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Multi-Object Tracking (WOMOT'01)
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems
Simultaneous tracking of multiple body parts of interacting persons
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Detection of stable contacts for human motion analysis
Proceedings of the 4th ACM international workshop on Video surveillance and sensor networks
Motion representation using composite energy features
Pattern Recognition
Semantic retrieval of events from indoor surveillance video databases
Pattern Recognition Letters
Simultaneous tracking of multiple body parts of interacting persons
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Spatiotemporal oriented energy features for visual tracking
ACCV'07 Proceedings of the 8th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part I
Visual tracking using a pixelwise spatiotemporal oriented energy representation
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part IV
Visual tracking using the Earth Mover's Distance between Gaussian mixtures and Kalman filtering
Image and Vision Computing
Spatio-temporal composite-features for motion analysis and segmentation
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
Intrackability: Characterizing Video Statistics and Pursuing Video Representations
International Journal of Computer Vision
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This paper describes the temporal spatio-velocity (TSV) transform for extracting pixel velocities from binary image sequences. The TSV transform is derived from the Hough transform over windowed spatio-temporal images. We present the methodology of the transform and its implementation in an iterative computational form. The intensity at each pixel in the TSV image represents a measure of the likelihood of occurrence of a pixel with instantaneous velocity in the current position. Binarization of the TSV image extracts blobs based on the similarity of velocity and position. The TSV transform provides an efficient way to remove noise by focusing on stable velocities, and constructs noise-free blobs. We apply the transform to tracking human figures in a sidewalk environment and extend its use to an interaction recognition system. The system performs background subtraction to separate the foreground image from the background, extracts standing human objects and generates a one-dimensional binary image sequence. The TSV transform takes the one-dimensional image sequence and yields the TSV images. Thresholding of the TSV image generates the human blobs. We obtain the human trajectories by associating the segmented blobs over time using blob features. We analyze the motion-state transitions of human interactions, which we consider to be combinations of ten simple interaction units (SIUs). Our system recognizes the 10 SIUs by analyzing the shape of the human trajectory. We illustrate the TSV transform and its application to real images for human segmentation, tracking and interaction classification.