Behind Fitts' law: kinematic patterns in goal-directed movements

  • Authors:
  • R. J. Bootsma;L. Fernandez;D. Mottet

  • Affiliations:
  • University of the Mediterranean and CNRS, UMR 6152 Movement and Perception, France;University of the Mediterranean and CNRS, UMR 6152 Movement and Perception, France;University of Montpellier 1, EA 2991 Motor Efficiency and Difficiency, 700 av. du Pic St. Loup 34090, Montpellier, France

  • Venue:
  • International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Fitts law 50 years later: Applications and contributions from human-computer interaction
  • Year:
  • 2004

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Abstract

Half a century ago, Paul Fitts first discovered that the time necessary to complete a pointing movement (MT) linearly increases with the amount of information (ID) necessary to specify the target width (W) relative to the distance (D). The so-called Fitts' law states that MT = a + b ID, with ID being a logarithmic function of the D/W ratio. With the rising importance of pointing in human-computer interaction, Fitts' law is nowadays an important tool for the quantitative evaluation of user interface design. We show that changes in ID give rise to systematic changes in the kinematics patterns that determine MT, and provide evidence that the observed patterns result from the interplay between basic oscillatory motion and visual control processes. We also emphasize the generality and abstract nature of Fitts' robust model of human psychomotor behavior, and suggest that some adaptations in the design of the (computer-mediated) coupling of perception and production of movement might improve the efficiency of the interaction.