Affective computing
Panel on affect and emotion in the user interface
IUI '98 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Emotion barometer of reading: user interface design of a social cataloging website
CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Image and Vision Computing
PRICAI'06 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim international conference on Artificial intelligence
"My Roomba is Rambo": intimate home appliances
UbiComp '07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Ubiquitous computing
Uncharted passions: user displays of positive affect with an adaptive affective system
ACII'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Anthropomorphism and human likeness in the design of robots and human-robot interaction
ICSR'12 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Social Robotics
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Emotions are now recognized as complex human control systems, crucial to decision making, creativity, playing and learning. Affective technologies may offer improved interaction and commercial promise. In the past, research has focused on technical development work, leaving many questions about user preferences unanswered. For this user-centered study, 60 participants played a simple 'word ladder' game under different controlled conditions. Using 2 x 2 factorial design, and a Wizard of Oz scenario, half the participants interacted with a system that adapted on the basis of the user's emotional expression and half were told the system could react to their emotional expressions. We established that when using an apparently affective system, users perform significantly better and report themselves as feeling significantly happier. We also discuss behavioral responses to the different conditions. These results are relevant to the design of future affective systems.