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Exokernel: an operating system architecture for application-level resource management
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Modern control engineering (3rd ed.)
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ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
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An Adaptive Admission Control Mechanism for a Cluster-Based Web Server System
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Memory safety without runtime checks or garbage collection
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Understanding the Linux Kernel, Second Edition
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IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Stride Scheduling: Deterministic Proportional- Share Resource Management
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Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Scale and performance in the Denali isolation kernel
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Operating system support for virtual machines
ATEC '03 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Analysis of the Intel Pentium's ability to support a secure virtual machine monitor
SSYM'00 Proceedings of the 9th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 9
Adaptive overload control for busy internet servers
USITS'03 Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 4
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Automatica (Journal of IFAC)
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ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
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PARDA: proportional allocation of resources for distributed storage access
FAST '09 Proccedings of the 7th conference on File and storage technologies
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Predictable time-sharing for DryadLINQ cluster
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Maestro: quality-of-service in large disk arrays
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IBM Journal of Research and Development
VRAS: A Lightweight Local Resource Allocation System for Virtual Machine Monitor
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
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With the increased use of "Virtual Machines" (VMs) as vehicles that isolate applications running on the same host, it is necessary to devise techniques that enable multiple VMs to share underlying resources both fairly and efficiently. To that end, one common approach is to deploy complex resource management techniques in the hosting infrastructure. Alternately, in this paper, we advocate the use of self-adaptation in the VMs themselves based on feedback about resource usage and availability. Consequently, we define "Friendly" VM (FVM) to be a virtual machine that adjusts its demand for system resources, so that they are both efficiently and fairly allocated to competing FVMs. Such properties are ensured using one of many provably convergent control rules, such as Additive-Increase/Multiplicative-Decrease (AIMD). By adopting this distributed application-based approach to resource management, it is not necessary to make assumptions about the underlying resources nor about the requirements of FVMs competing for these resources. To demonstrate the elegance and simplicity of our approach, we present a prototype implementation of our FVM framework in User-Mode Linux (UML)---an implementation that consists of less than 500 lines of code changes to UML. We present an analytic, control-theoretic model of FVM adaptation, which establishes convergence and fairness properties. These properties are also backed up with experimental results using our prototype FVM implementation.