Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
System architecture directions for networked sensors
ASPLOS IX Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Integrated coverage and connectivity configuration in wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Differentiated surveillance for sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Optimal multimodal fusion for multimedia data analysis
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Cyclops, image sensing and interpretation in wireless networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Panoptes: scalable low-power video sensor networking technologies
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
XYZ: a motion-enabled, power aware sensor node platform for distributed sensor network applications
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
SensEye: a multi-tier camera sensor network
Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
A survey on wireless multimedia sensor networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Cross-Layer Collaborative In-Network Processing in Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Image Registration in Low Resolution Visual Sensor Networks
IPSN '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Energy-efficient image transmission in sensor networks
International Journal of Sensor Networks
RG-EDF: An I/O Scheduling Policy for Flash Equipped Sensor Devices
SEUS '08 Proceedings of the 6th IFIP WG 10.2 international workshop on Software Technologies for Embedded and Ubiquitous Systems
A support vector machine with integer parameters
Neurocomputing
Hierarchical QoS-Aware Routing in Multi-tier Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
MMNS '07 Proceedings of the 10th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Management of Multimedia and Mobile Networks and Services: Real-Time Mobile Multimedia Services
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Image change detection using wireless sensor networks
DCOSS'07 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Distributed computing in sensor systems
An adaptive method for energy-efficiency in battery-powered embedded smart cameras
Proceedings of the Fourth ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras
Cooperative object tracking and composite event detection with wireless embedded smart cameras
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing - Special section on distributed camera networks: sensing, processing, communication, and implementation
Design cooperative awareness nodes using SOPC in smart multimedia sensor networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
Voronoi-based coverage improvement approach for wireless directional sensor networks
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
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In this position paper, we examine recent technology trends that have resulted in a broad spectrum of camera sensors, wireless radio technologies, and embedded sensor platforms with varying capabilities. We argue that future sensor applications will be hierarchical with multiple tiers, where each tier employs sensors with different characteristics. We argue that multi-tier networks are not only scalable, they offer a number of advantages over simpler, single-tier unimodal networks: lower cost, better coverage, higher functionality, and better reliability. However, the design of such mixed networks raises a number of new challenges that are not adequately addressed by current research. We discuss several of these challenges and illustrate how they can be addressed in the context of SensEye, a multi-tier video surveillance application that we are designing in our research group.