A muscle model for animation three-dimensional facial expression
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Computer facial animation
Video Rewrite: driving visual speech with audio
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Discrete Time Processing of Speech Signals
Discrete Time Processing of Speech Signals
Trainable videorealistic speech animation
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Computer generated animation of faces
ACM '72 Proceedings of the ACM annual conference - Volume 1
Geometry-based muscle modeling for facial animation
GRIN'01 No description on Graphics interface 2001
MikeTalk: A Talking Facial Display Based on Morphing Visemes
CA '98 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
ICMI '02 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces
Photo-realistic talking-heads from image samples
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Perceptually guided expressive facial animation
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
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Motivated by the need for an informative, unbiased, and quantitative perceptual method for the evaluation of a talking head we are developing, we propose a new test based on the “McGurk Effect.” Our approach helps to identify strengths and weaknesses in visual--speech synthesis algorithms for talking heads and facial animations, in general, and uses this insight to guide further development. We also evaluate the behavioral quality of our facial animations in comparison to real-speaker footage and demonstrate our tests by applying them to our current speech-driven facial animation system.