An energy aware coverage-preserving scheme for wireless sensor networks

  • Authors:

  • Azzedine Boukerche;Xin Fei;Regina B. Araujo

  • Affiliations:

  • University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada;University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada;São Carlos Federal University, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

  • Venue:
  • PE-WASUN '05 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

How well a large wireless sensor network can be monitored or tracked while keeping long live is a challenging problem known as the energy aware coverage preserving. Several coverage solutions have been introduced based on node scheduling and quality coverage. Node scheduling based solutions usually rely on global clock synchronization and/or time delays to resolve conflicts when determining what nodes should be turned-off to save energy. If these time delays cannot be calculated accurately blind areas might emerge jeopardizing the network coverage quality. Other challenges to node scheduling based solutions include finding optimal wakeup strategies that avoid waking up more nodes than necessary; and keeping connectivity and coverage of the network while optimizing the number of nodes. This paper extends the coverage calculation method proposed by Tian and Georganas, referred here as C-PNSS scheme, and describes a novel distributed solution based on local information exchange without the uncertainty of self-schedule algorithms. A Decision algorithm and a new node wakeup scheme were devised to overcome existing problems in actual schemes. We implement our optimal coverage-preserving scheme (OCoPS) as an extension of LEACH. A set of simulation experiments was performed to evaluate OCoPS performance when compared to LEACH and C-PNSS schemes. The results indicate that our solution outperforms C-PNSS by over 20% on network lifetime and by over 25% on network lifetime when the coverage rate is higher than 80%. LEACH is outperformed by nearly over five times on network lifetime. The experimental results also show that our coverage scheme based on our extended coverage calculation method effectively limits the on-duty node number when compared to both LEACH and C-PNSS.