An analysis of the on-line debugging process
Empirical studies of programmers: second workshop
Software engineering (3rd ed.): a practitioner's approach
Software engineering (3rd ed.): a practitioner's approach
Can we use music in computer-human communication?
HCI '95 Proceedings of the HCI'95 conference on People and computers X
Communicating graphical information to blind users using music: the role of context
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
LISTEN: A Tool to Investigate the Use of Sound for the Analysis of Program Behavior
COMPSAC '95 Proceedings of the 19th International Computer Software and Applications Conference
Towards some organising principles for musical program auralisations
ICAD'98 Proceedings of the 1998 international conference on Auditory Display
Empirical studies on programming language stimuli
Software Quality Control
Lemma 4: haptic input + auditory display = musical instrument?
HAID'06 Proceedings of the First international conference on Haptic and Audio Interaction Design
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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Program auralization aims to communicate information about program state, data, and behavior using audio. We have argued that music offers many advantages as a communication medium [Alty 1995]. The CAITLIN system [Alty and Vickers 1997; Vickers 1999; Vickers and Alty 1996, 1998] was constructed to provide auralizations within a formal structured musical framework. Pilot studies [Alty and Vickers 1997; Vickers 1999] showed that programmers could infer program structure from auralizations alone. A study was conducted using 22 novice programmers to assess (i) whether novices could understand the musical auralizations and (ii) whether the musical experience and knowledge of subjects affected their performance. The results show that novices could interpret the auralizations (with accuracy varying across different levels of abstraction) and that musical knowledge had no significant effect on performance. A second experiment was conducted with another 22 novice programmers to study the effects of musical program auralization on debugging tasks. The experiment aimed to determine whether auralizations would lead to higher bug detection rates. The results indicate that, in certain circumstances, musical auralizations can be used to help locate bugs in programs and that musical skill does not affect the ability to make use of the auralizations. In addition, the experiment showed that subjective workload increased when the musical auralizations were used.