How artificial ontogenies can retard evolution

  • Authors:
  • Shivakumar Viswanathan;Jordan Pollack

  • Affiliations:
  • Brandeis University, Waltham, MA;Brandeis University, Waltham, MA

  • Venue:
  • GECCO '05 Proceedings of the 7th annual workshop on Genetic and evolutionary computation
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

Recently there has been much interest in the role of indirect genetic encodings; as a means to achieve increased evolvability. From this perspective, artificial ontogenies have largely been seen as a vehicle to relate the indirect encodings to complex phenotypes. However, the introduction of a development phase does not come without other consequences. We show that the conjunction of the latent ontogenic structure and the common practice of only evaluating the final phenotype obtained from development can have a net retarding effect on evolution. Using a formal model of development, we show that this effect arises primarily due to the relation between the ontogenic structure to the fitness function, which in turn impacts the properties being evaluated and selected for during evolution. This effect is empirically demonstrated with a toy search problem using LOGO-turtle based embryogenic processes.