Automated welfare client-tracking and service integration: the political economy of computing
Communications of the ACM
Value conflicts and social choice in electronic funds transfer system developments
Communications of the ACM
Tutorial on Software Design Techniques
Tutorial on Software Design Techniques
Techniques of Program Structure and Design
Techniques of Program Structure and Design
Computer Database Organization, 2nd Ed
Computer Database Organization, 2nd Ed
Information Systems: Theory and Practice
Information Systems: Theory and Practice
Towards a person-centered computer technology
ACM '73 Proceedings of the ACM annual conference
ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society
Structured programming
Social Analyses of Computing: Theoretical Perspectives in Recent Empirical Research
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Six models for the social accountability of computing
ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society
Computers and politics in China
ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society
Computers and politics in China
ACM SIGSOC Bulletin
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During the last three decades, computing has far surpassed its early role as a laboratory device for scientific computation. Computers are presently used for a wide array of purposes. In most of its uses it is portrayed as a problem-solving tool and as a material or intellectual object. Despite continuing technical advances, computer use is still costly in its demands for attention and special skills by people (instrumental users) who try to use it to further their own work, whether they program or not. These problems occur because much computer use is inextricably embedded in a complex set of problematic social relationships between groups of service providers and consumers. In particular, serious and continual use of computing forces users to attend to issues associated with:1. The work setting of computer use;2. Understanding the capabilities of computing;3. The scope and rate of technical change;4. Insuring that data is accurate, complete, and timely;5. Control over computing resources;6. The overall time that attention to these social and technical issues require.The opportunities and problems of instrumental computer use vary when users utilize different technologies and different organizational arrangements for supporting them. However, as software and hardware developments progress, the social arrangements of computer use will increasingly dominate the attention of users.