Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Habitat monitoring: application driver for wireless communications technology
SIGCOMM LA '01 Workshop on Data communication in Latin America and the Caribbean
Distributed management by delegation
ICDCS '95 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Matching data dissemination algorithms to application requirements
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Combining statistical monitoring and predictable recovery for self-management
WOSS '04 Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGSOFT workshop on Self-managed systems
Making the "box" transparent: system call performance as a first-class result
ATEC '04 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
EmStar: a software environment for developing and deploying wireless sensor networks
ATEC '04 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Detecting application-level failures in component-based Internet services
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
Sympathy for the sensor network debugger
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
S2DB: a novel simulation-based debugger for sensor network applications
EMSOFT '06 Proceedings of the 6th ACM & IEEE International conference on Embedded software
Run-time dynamic linking for reprogramming wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
A Survey of Fault Management in Wireless Sensor Networks
Journal of Network and Systems Management
On the accuracy of omnet++ in the wireless sensornetworks domain: simulation vs. testbed
Proceedings of the 4th ACM workshop on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor,and ubiquitous networks
Towards a versatile problem diagnosis infrastructure for largewireless sensor networks
OTM'07 Proceedings of the 2007 OTM Confederated international conference on On the move to meaningful internet systems - Volume Part II
PMSW: a passive monitoring system in wireless sensor networks
International Journal of Network Management
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Due to their resource constraints and tight physical coupling, sensor networks afford limited visibility into an application's behavior. As a result it is often difficult to debug issues that arise during development and deployment. Existing techniques for fault management focus on fault tolerance or detection; before we can detect anomalous behavior in sensor networks, we need first to identify what simple metrics can be used to infer system health and correct behavior. We propose metrics and events that enable system health inferences, and present a preliminary design of Sympathy, a debugging tool for pre-and post-deployment sensor networks. Sympathy will contain mechanisms for collecting system performance metrics with minimal memory overhead; mechanisms for recognizing application-defined events based on these metrics; and a system for collecting events in their spatiotemporal context. The Sympathy system will help programmers draw correlations between seemingly unrelated, distributed events, and produce graphs that highlight those correlations. As an example, we describe how we used a preliminary version of Sympathy to help debug a complex application, Tiny Diffusion.