Embeddings of negative-type metrics and an improved approximation to generalized sparsest cut
ACM Transactions on Algorithms (TALG)
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Approximating sparsest cut in graphs of bounded treewidth
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Pathwidth, trees, and random embeddings
Combinatorica
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We show that the shortest-path metric of any $k$-outerplanar graph, for any fixed $k$, can be approximated by a probability distribution over tree metrics with constant distortion and hence also embedded into $\ell_1$ with constant distortion. These graphs play a central role in polynomial time approximation schemes for many NP-hard optimization problems on general planar graphs and include the family of weighted $k\times n$ planar grids. This result implies a constant upper bound on the ratio between the sparsest cut and the maximum concurrent flow in multicommodity networks for $k$-outerplanar graphs, thus extending a theorem of Okamura and Seymour [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, 31 (1981), pp. 75-81] for outerplanar graphs, and a result of Gupta et al. [Combinatorica, 24 (2004), pp. 233-269] for treewidth-2 graphs. In addition, we obtain improved approximation ratios for $k$-outerplanar graphs on various problems for which approximation algorithms are based on probabilistic tree embeddings. We conjecture that these embeddings for $k$-outerplanar graphs may serve as building blocks for $\ell_1$ embeddings of more general metrics.