On the Influence of Test-Driven Development on Software Design

  • Authors:
  • David S. Janzen;Hossein Saiedian

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA;University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA

  • Venue:
  • CSEET '06 Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Software Engineering Education & Training
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

Test-driven development (TDD) is an agile software development strategy that addresses both design and testing. This paper describes a controlled experiment that examines the effects of TDD on internal software design quality. The experiment was conducted with undergraduate students in a software engineering course. Students in three groups completed semester-long programming projects using either an iterative Test-First (TDD), iterative Test-Last, or linear Test-Last approach. Results from this study indicate that TDD can be an effective software design approach improving both code-centric aspects such as object decomposition, test coverage, and external quality, and developer-centric aspects including productivity and confidence. In addition, iterative development approaches that include automated testing demonstrated benefits over a more traditional linear approach with manual tests. This study demonstrates the viability of teaching TDD with minimal effort in the context of a relatively traditional development approach. Potential dangers with TDD are identified regarding programmer motivation and discipline. Pedagogical implications and instructional techniques which may foster TDD adoption will also be referenced.