The Physics of No-Bit-Commitment: Generalized Quantum Non-Locality Versus Oblivious Transfer

Authors:
Anthony J. Short;Nicolas Gisin;Sandu Popescu
Affiliations:
HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK BS8 1TL;Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva 4, Switzerland CH-1211;Aff1 Aff3
Venue:
Quantum Information Processing
Year:
2006

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Abstract

We show here that the recent work of Wolf and Wullschleger (quant-ph/0502030) on oblivious transfer apparently opens the possibility that non-local correlations which are stronger than those in quantum mechanics could be used for bit-commitment. This is surprising, because it is the very existence of non-local correlations which in quantum mechanics prevents bit-commitment. We resolve this apparent paradox by stressing the difference between non-local correlations and oblivious transfer, based on the time-ordering of their inputs and outputs, which prevents bit-commitment.