The media equation: how people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places
Collaborative discovery in a simple reasoning task
Cognitive Systems Research
Impact of two types of partner, perceived or actual, in human-human and human-agent interaction
Computers in Human Behavior
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In this study, we experimentally investigate collaborative scientific activities that are undertaken through a virtual space such as the Internet. In such cases, a partner has two aspects: an imaginary partner with whom the problem solver seems to work together, and an actual partner with whom he/she actually works. We design an experimental environment in which we can control the two factors independently. The experimental result shows: (1) a bias appearing in human behavior, such as the positive test bias in hypothesis testing, was not influenced by the change of an actual partner, however (2) the degree of using information given by a partner, such as reference to a partner's hypothesis, varied considerably with the change of an actual partner. Neither phenomenon above depended on the type of imaginary partner.