The media equation: how people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
The impact of animated interface agents: a review of empirical research
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Truth is beauty: researching embodied conversational agents
Embodied conversational agents
How users reciprocate to computers: an experiment that demonstrates behavior change
CHI EA '97 CHI '97 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An experimental study on collaborative scientific activities with an actual/imaginary partner
CSCL '05 Proceedings of th 2005 conference on Computer support for collaborative learning: learning 2005: the next 10 years!
Social reactions toward people vs. computers: How mere lables shape interactions
Computers in Human Behavior
Hi-index | 0.00 |
Participants engaged in the Prisoner's dilemma game with a partner through a computer terminal. We define two types of partner: a perceived partner and an actual partner, and manipulated the two factors independently. A perceived partner means a partner with whom participants imagined themselves to be interacting; instruction given by an experimenter controls the image of the perceived partner. An actual partner can change its behavior. In one scenario participants actually interacted with a human partner, in another scenario their partner was either a mostly cooperating computer agent or a mostly defecting computer agent. Three experiments were performed. The result suggested that the participants' selection behavior was largely influenced by the instruction given about the partner by the experimenter and not influenced by the partner's actual behavior. The analysis of the participants' impressions of the partner showed that the effect of instruction about the partner disappeared. Individual likeability for a partner was very influenced by the partner's behavior; as the participants incurred more defect actions from the partner, individual likeability for the partner decreased. On the other hand, social likeability for a partner was not so influenced by the partner's behavior, but rather related to the participants' own behavior. The participants who made more defect actions rated their partner's social likeability lower.