Cognitive modeling and intelligent tutoring
Artificial Intelligence - Special issue on artificial intelligence and learning environments
Student Modeling and Mastery Learning in a Computer-Based Proramming Tutor
ITS '92 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Afterword: from this revolution to the next
Smart machines in education
Elaborating Models of Algebraic Expression-Writing
ITS '98 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
A review of methods for automatic understanding of natural language mathematical problems
Artificial Intelligence Review
Building Intelligent Interactive Tutors: Student-centered strategies for revolutionizing e-learning
Building Intelligent Interactive Tutors: Student-centered strategies for revolutionizing e-learning
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This report describes an adaptation of the Practical Algebra Tutor, "PAT," for college-level developmental mathematics, and initial evaluations of PAT at two college sites. PAT is a software learning environment that presents students with real-world problem situations, modern mathematical representational tools to analyze these situations, and constant background support from a "cognitive tutor"-- an intelligent computer tutor based on the ACT theory of cognition. Previous classroom evaluations showed that high-school students using PAT outperformed students in regular classes by 15% on standardized tests, and by 100% on assessments of authentic problem-solving. In two colleges, PAT students performed more than 50% better than students in regular classes on a performance-based assessment. This assessment requires students to use mathematical representations to analyze a real-world problem situation. It captures the reform objectives of the PAT approach, which are consistent with new national standards for mathematics.