PUMA: an operating system for massively parallel systems
Scientific Programming - Special issue on operating system support for massively parallel computer architectures
A system software architecture for high-end computing
SC '97 Proceedings of the 1997 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Scalable Line Dynamics in ParaDiS
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
A Performance and Scalability Analysis of the BlueGene/L Architecture
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Unlocking the Performance of the BlueGene/L Supercomputer
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
SC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
A Scalable Distributed Parallel Breadth-First Search Algorithm on BlueGene/L
SC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Tera-Scalable Algorithms for Variable-Density Elliptic Hydrodynamics with Spectral Accuracy
SC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Blue Gene/L: Application Development
Blue Gene/L: Application Development
Predicting parallel application performance via machine learning approaches: Research Articles
Concurrency and Computation: Practice & Experience - Parallel and Distributed Computing (EuroPar 2005)
Overview of the Blue Gene/L system architecture
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Blue Gene/L programming and operating environment
IBM Journal of Research and Development
An approach to performance prediction for parallel applications
Euro-Par'05 Proceedings of the 11th international Euro-Par conference on Parallel Processing
ZOID: I/O-forwarding infrastructure for petascale architectures
Proceedings of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming
Middleware in Modern High Performance Computing System Architectures
ICCS '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part II
Improving performance by embedding HPC applications in lightweight Xen domains
Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on System-level virtualization for high performance computing
Latency Hiding File I/O for Blue Gene Systems
CCGRID '09 Proceedings of the 2009 9th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid
Multiple-Level MPI File Write-Back and Prefetching for Blue Gene Systems
Proceedings of the 16th European PVM/MPI Users' Group Meeting on Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface
Experiences with a Lightweight Supercomputer Kernel: Lessons Learned from Blue Gene's CNK
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM/IEEE International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
Accelerating I/O Forwarding in IBM Blue Gene/P Systems
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM/IEEE International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
Performance and Scalability Evaluation of 'Big Memory' on Blue Gene Linux
International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
A light-weight virtual machine monitor for Blue Gene/P
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Runtime and Operating Systems for Supercomputers
Extending and benchmarking the "Big Memory" implementation on Blue Gene/P Linux
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Runtime and Operating Systems for Supercomputers
Improving per-node efficiency in the datacenter with new OS abstractions
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
Topology-aware data movement and staging for I/O acceleration on Blue Gene/P supercomputing systems
Proceedings of 2011 International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
Dynamic method to evaluate code optimization effectiveness
Proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on Software and Compilers for Embedded Systems
A lightweight virtual machine monitor for Blue Gene/P
International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
A design of hybrid operating system for a parallel computer with multi-core and many-core processors
Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Runtime and Operating Systems for Supercomputers
Modeling a leadership-scale storage system
PPAM'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics - Volume Part I
The impact of system design parameters on application noise sensitivity
Cluster Computing
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Blue Gene/L is currently the world's fastest and most scalable supercomputer. It has demonstrated essentially linear scaling all the way to 131,072 processors in several benchmarks and real applications. The operating systems for the compute and I/O nodes of Blue Gene/L, are among the components responsible for that scalability. Compute nodes are dedicated to running application processes, whereas I/O nodes are dedicated to performing system functions. The operating systems adopted for each of these nodes reflect this separation of function. Compute nodes run a lightweight operating system called the compute node kernel. I/O nodes run a port of the Linux operating system. This paper discusses the architecture and design of this solution for Blue Gene/L in the context of the hardware characteristics that led to the design decisions. It also explains and demonstrates how those decisions are instrumental in achieving the performance and scalability for which Blue Gene/L is famous.