Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Fast and scalable handoffs for wireless internetworks
MobiCom '96 Proceedings of the 2nd annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
A comparison of mechanisms for improving TCP performance over wireless links
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Route Optimization for Mobile IP
Cluster Computing
I-TCP: indirect TCP for mobile hosts
ICDCS '95 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Optimized Smooth Handoffs in Mobile IP
ISCC '99 Proceedings of the The Fourth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications
Improving TCP handoff performance in Mobile IP based networks
Computer Communications
IEEE Communications Magazine
Improving the performance of reliable transport protocols in mobile computing environments
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Tunnel Restraint to Prevent Out-of-Order Packets for Route Optimization in Proxy Mobile IPv6
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
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Packet losses during the handoff operation by the route optimization extension of the Mobile IP causes performance degradation at the transmission control protocol (TCP). To prevent such degradation a number of packet buffering based methods have been proposed in the literature. However, as the mobile host user continually changes location and can sometimes move into a congested BS in a new foreign subnetwork, its buffered packets are likely to be dropped at the new BS. This can lead to losses at the TCP connections of the mobile user host in the new subnetwork, as well as at the TCP connections of the new BS which experiences severe performance degradation due to the abrupt increase in congestion by the forwarded burst of packets (i.e., global synchronization). This paper proposes a priority forwarding (PF) scheme designed to significantly improve the performance of the packet buffering methods. The proposed PF scheme does not require any modification to the Mobile IP protocol with route optimization extension. The simulation results show that by using the PF scheme the period of global synchronization at the inter-subnetwork handoff is made shorter due to the reduction in packet droppings in the random early detection (RED) buffer. This improves the TCP performance in wireless networks employing Mobile IP with packet buffering.