Information-seeking strategies of novices using a full-text electronic encyclopedia
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Children's Internet searching on complex problems: performance and process analyses
Journal of the American Society for Information Science - Special issue on user-centered cooperative systems
The role of usability research in designing children's computer products
The design of children's technology
Children as our technology design partners
The design of children's technology
Children's relevance criteria and information seeking on electronic resources
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Designing a digital library for young children
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries
Design criteria for children's Web portals: the users speak out
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
The role of music in the design process with children
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part III
Children's information retrieval: beyond examining search strategies and interfaces
FDIA'08 Proceedings of the 2nd BCS IRSG conference on Future Directions in Information Access
Knowledge journey: a web search interface for young users
Proceedings of the Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval
Specifics of information retrieval for young users: A survey
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Adaptation of a Search User Interface towards User Needs: A Prototype Study with Children & Adults
Proceedings of the Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval
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Children are increasingly using the Web. Cognitive theory tells us that directory structures are especially suited for information retrieval by children; however, empirical results show that they prefer keyword searching. One of the reasons for these findings could be that the directory structures and terminology are created by grown-ups. Using a card-sorting method and an enveloping system, we simulated the structure of a directory. Our goal was to try to understand what browsable, hierarchical subject categories children create when suggested terms are supplied and they are free to add or delete terms. Twelve groups of four children each (fourth and fifth graders) participated in our exploratory study. The initial terminology presented to the children was based on names of categories used in popular directories, in the sections on Arts, Television, Music, Cinema, and Celebrities. The children were allowed to introduce additional cards and change the terms appearing on the 61 cards. Findings show that the different groups reached reasonable consensus; the majority of the category names used by existing directories were acceptable by them and only a small minority of the terms caused confusion. Our recommendation is to include children in the design process of directories, not only in designing the interface but also in designing the content structure as well. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.