VLSI Architecture for Matrix Inversion using Modified Gram-Schmidt based QR Decomposition

  • Authors:
  • Chitranjan K. Singh;Sushma Honnavara Prasad;Poras T. Balsara

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Texas at Dallas;University of Texas at Dallas;University of Texas at Dallas

  • Venue:
  • VLSID '07 Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 6th International Conference: Embedded Systems
  • Year:
  • 2007

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Abstract

Matrix inversion and triangularization problems are common to a wide variety of communication systems, signal processing applications and solution of a set of linear equations. Matrix inversion is a computationally intensive process and its hardware implementation based on fixed-point (FP) arithmetic is a challenging problem. This paper proposes a fully parallel VLSI architecture under fixed-precision for the inverse computation of a real square matrix using QR decomposition with Modified Gram-Schmidt (MGS) orthogonalization. The MGS algorithm is stable and accurate to the integral multiples of machine precision under fixed-precision for a well-conditioned non-singular matrix. For typical matrices (4x4) found in MIMO communication systems, the proposed architecture was able to achieve a clock rate of 277 MHz with a latency of 18 time units and area of 72K gates using 0.18-um CMOS technology. For a generic square matrix of order n,the latency required is5n - 2 which is better than all previously known architectures. With the use of LUTs and log-domain computations, the total area has been reduced compared to architectures based on linear-domain computations.