Network security via private-key certificates
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Authentication in distributed systems: theory and practice
SOSP '91 Proceedings of the thirteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
On the Factorization of RSA-120
CRYPTO '93 Proceedings of the 13th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Robustness Principles for Public Key Protocols
CRYPTO '95 Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Requirements for network payment: the NetCheque perspective
COMPCON '95 Proceedings of the 40th IEEE Computer Society International Conference
Decentralized Trust Management
SP '96 Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
Payment switches for open networks
WOEC'95 Proceedings of the 1st conference on USENIX Workshop on Electronic Commerce - Volume 1
Establishing identity without certification authorities
SSYM'96 Proceedings of the 6th conference on USENIX Security Symposium, Focusing on Applications of Cryptography - Volume 6
Compliance defects in public-key cryptography
SSYM'96 Proceedings of the 6th conference on USENIX Security Symposium, Focusing on Applications of Cryptography - Volume 6
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Public key technology presumes the availability of certificates and certifying authorities (CAs) living within a shallow hierarchy rooted at a few (n ≪ 100) public CAs. We propose an alternative that lessens the day-today dependence on centralized CAs while deepening the certificate tree. We do this by suggesting that smartcards provide CA functions, thus re-framing some payment problems as simpler authorization problems.