Measurements and analysis of end-to-end Internet dynamics
Measurements and analysis of end-to-end Internet dynamics
Packet reordering is not pathological network behavior
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Measurement study of low-bitrate internet video streaming
IMW '01 Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement
On making TCP more robust to packet reordering
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet measurment
Measurement and classification of out-of-sequence packets in a tier-1 IP backbone
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet measurment
Metrics for Degree of Reordering in Packet Sequences
LCN '02 Proceedings of the 27th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks
The Case for Informed Transport Protocols
HOTOS '99 Proceedings of the The Seventh Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems
TCP-PR: TCP for Persistent Packet Reordering
ICDCS '03 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
RR-TCP: A Reordering-Robust TCP with DSACK
ICNP '03 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols
NIST Net: a Linux-based network emulation tool
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
A theoretical foundation, metrics and modeling of packet reordering and methodology of delay modeling using inter-packet gaps
Novel approaches to end-to-end packet reordering measurement
IMC '05 Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet Measurement
Reorder density (RD): a formal, comprehensive metric for packet reordering
NETWORKING'05 Proceedings of the 4th IFIP-TC6 international conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communication Systems
Survey and taxonomy of IP address lookup algorithms
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
The effect of packet reordering in a backbone link on application throughput
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
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Increasing internal parallelism within nodes due to increase in links speeds, and external parallelism among the links due to QoS, ad hoc routing in wireless, etc., point to a significant increase in packet reordering. Application performance also degrades considerably due to out-of-order arrivals. The concept of ''Reorder Buffer-occupancy Density'' (RBD) is defined, which provides the statistics of occupancy of a buffer used to recover from reordering. RBD also captures and measures reordering effectively, helps relate causes of reordering to observations, and allows the development of models for packet reordering. A formal representation and analysis of reordering is presented along with the derivation of RBD models for basic reordering patterns, such as independent, overlapping and embedded reordering. Measurements associate most of the packet reordering occurrences in the Internet to such patterns. The RBD models for these patterns are used to build a buffer-occupancy model with a scenario associated with traffic splitting or bandwidth aggregation as an example. Such models can aid in determining the resource requirements for mitigating effects due to reordering, as well as performance characteristics of underlying network. Developed models are verified using measurements on emulated networks.