Exploring tabla drumming using rhythmic input
CHI '95 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A case for network musical performance
NOSSDAV '01 Proceedings of the 11th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
The Recording Studio that Spanned a Continent
WEDELMUSIC '01 Proceedings of the First International Conference on WEB Delivering of Music (WEDELMUSIC'01)
Interactive Network Performance: a dream worth dreaming?
Organised Sound
Interconnected Musical Networks: Toward a Theoretical Framework
Computer Music Journal
The effects of network delay on tempo in musical performance
Computer Music Journal
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Playing music over the Internet, whether for real-time jamming, network performance or distance education, is constrained by the speed of light which introduces, over long distances, time delays unsuitable for musical applications. Current musical collaboration systems generally transmit compressed audio streams over low-latency and high-bandwidth networks to optimize musician synchronization. This paper proposes an alternative approach based on pattern recognition and music prediction. Trained for a particular type of music, here the Indian tabla drum, the system called TablaNet identifies rhythmic patterns by recognizing individual strokes played by a musician and mapping them dynamically to known musical constructs. Symbols representing these musical structures are sent over the network to a corresponding computer system. The computer at the receiving end anticipates incoming events by analyzing previous phrases and synthesizes an estimated audio output. Although such a system may introduce variants due to prediction approximations, resulting in a slightly different musical experience at both ends, we find that it demonstrates a high level of playability with an immediacy not present in other systems, and functions well as an educational tool.