An experimental evaluation of the assumption of independence in multiversion programming
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PODS—A project on diverse software
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering - Special issue on reliability and safety in real-time process control
Fault-Tolerant SoFtware Reliability Modeling
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Journal of Systems and Software
Analysis of Faults in an N-Version Software Experiment
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Fault-Tolerant Software for Real-Time Applications
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Fault Tolerance: Principles and Practice
Fault Tolerance: Principles and Practice
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ICSE '92 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Software engineering
Toward a resourceful method of software fault tolerance
ACM-SE 37 Proceedings of the 37th annual Southeast regional conference (CD-ROM)
Modeling the Effects of Combining Diverse Software Fault Detection Techniques
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Economics of software verification
PASTE '01 Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGPLAN-SIGSOFT workshop on Program analysis for software tools and engineering
Quality assurance and testing for safety systems
Annals of Software Engineering
Real-World Design Diversity: A Case Study on Cost
IEEE Software
Estimating Bounds on the Reliability of Diverse Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Design of reliable software via general combination of N-version programming and acceptance testing
ISSRE '96 Proceedings of the The Seventh International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
An empirical evaluation of maximum likelihood voting in failure correlation conditions
ISSRE '96 Proceedings of the The Seventh International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
An Approach to Measuring and Assessing Dependability for Critical Software Systems
ISSRE '97 Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Cost of Software Design Diversity: An Empirical Evaluation
ISSRE '99 Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
The effect of code coverage on fault detection under different testing profiles
A-MOST '05 Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on Advances in model-based testing
A relational database model of program execution and software components
ACM-SE 38 Proceedings of the 38th annual on Southeast regional conference
A survey of linguistic structures for application-level fault tolerance
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Uncertainty explicit assessment of off-the-shelf software: A Bayesian approach
Information and Software Technology
Modelling the effects of combining diverse software fault detection techniques
Formal methods and testing
Using allopoietic agents in replicated software to respond to errors, faults, and attacks
Proceedings of the 48th Annual Southeast Regional Conference
E unibus pluram: massive-scale software diversity as a defense mechanism
Proceedings of the 2010 workshop on New security paradigms
Runtime verification in context: can optimizing error detection improve fault diagnosis?
RV'10 Proceedings of the First international conference on Runtime verification
The effectiveness of choice of programming language as a diversity seeking decision
EDCC'05 Proceedings of the 5th European conference on Dependable Computing
Towards a cooperative autonomous resilient defense platform for cyber-physical systems
Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research
Dependable and Historic Computing
Turtles all the way down: a clean-slate, ground-up, first-principles approach to secure systems
Proceedings of the 2012 workshop on New security paradigms
ChameleonSoft: Software Behavior Encryption for Moving Target Defense
Mobile Networks and Applications
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The strategy of using multiple versions of independently developed software as a means to tolerate residual software design faults is discussed. The effectiveness of multiversion software is studied by comparing estimates of the failure probabilities of these systems with the failure probabilities of single versions. The estimates are obtained under a model of dependent failures and compared with estimates obtained when failures are assumed to be independent. The experimental results are based on 20 versions of an aerospace application developed and independently validated by 60 programmers from 4 universities. Descriptions of the application and development process are given, together with an analysis of the 20 versions.