An experimental evaluation of the assumption of independence in multiversion programming
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Fault-Tolerant SoFtware Reliability Modeling
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Data Diversity: An Approach to Software Fault Tolerance
IEEE Transactions on Computers - Fault-Tolerant Computing
The Use of Self Checks and Voting in Software Error Detection: An Empirical Study
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Modeling of Correlated Failures and Community Error Recovery in Multiversion Software
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Dependability Modeling and Evaluation of Software Fault-Tolerant Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
An Experimental Evaluation of Software Redundancy as a Strategy for Improving Reliability
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
The B-book: assigning programs to meanings
The B-book: assigning programs to meanings
ED4I: Error Detection by Diverse Data and Duplicated Instructions
IEEE Transactions on Computers - Special issue on fault-tolerant embedded systems
N-Version Design Versus One Good Version
IEEE Software
Real-World Design Diversity: A Case Study on Cost
IEEE Software
Diversity against Accidental and Deliberate Faults
CSDA '98 Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Security, Dependability, and Assurance: From Needs to Solutions
"Dependability of Raitway Control Systems"
FTCS '96 Proceedings of the The Twenty-Sixth Annual International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS '96)
Software Rejuvenation: Analysis, Module and Applications
FTCS '95 Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing
ISORC '01 Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing
Mapping Temporal Planning Constraints into Timed Automata
TIME '01 Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME'01)
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Basic Concepts and Taxonomy of Dependable and Secure Computing
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
VAL: Automatic Plan Validation, Continuous Effects and Mixed Initiative Planning Using PDDL
ICTAI '04 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
An Empirical Study on Reliability Modeling for Diverse Software Systems
ISSRE '04 Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
An Experimental Evaluation on Reliability Features of N-Version Programming
ISSRE '05 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Virtual Machines: Versatile Platforms for Systems and Processes (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Architecture and Design)
Fault Tolerant Planning for Critical Robots
DSN '07 Proceedings of the 37th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks
The SESAME Experience: from Assembly Languages to Declarative Models
MUTATION '06 Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Mutation Analysis
The N-Version Approach to Fault-Tolerant Software
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Software Fault Tolerance: An Evaluation
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
A Theoretical Basis for the Analysis of Multiversion Software Subject to Coincident Errors
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
A Few Remarks about Formal Development of Secure Systems
HASE '08 Proceedings of the 2008 11th IEEE High Assurance Systems Engineering Symposium
The Effectiveness of Software Diversity in a Large Population of Programs
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
ACPI: Design Principles and Concerns
Trust '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Trusted Computing
seL4: formal verification of an OS kernel
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
Proactive management of software aging
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Assessing Asymmetric Fault-Tolerant Software
ISSRE '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Enforcing kernel constraints by hardware-assisted virtualization
Journal in Computer Virology
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The idea that diverse or dissimilar computations could be used to detect errors can be traced back to Dynosius Lardner's analysis of Babbage's mechanical computers in the early 19th century. In the modern era of electronic computers, diverse redundancy techniques were pioneered in the 1970's by Elmendorf, Randell, Aviz̆ienis and Chen. Since then, the tolerance of design faults has been a very active research topic, which has had practical impact on real critical applications. In this paper, we present a brief history of the topic and then describe two contemporary studies on the application of diversity in the fields of robotics and security.