Communications of the ACM
Artficial Immune Systems and Their Applications
Artficial Immune Systems and Their Applications
Coverage and Generalization in an Artificial Immune System
GECCO '02 Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference
Self-Nonself Discrimination in a Computer
SP '94 Proceedings of the 1994 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
Exploiting the Analogy between the Immune System and Sparse Distributed Memories
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Is negative selection appropriate for anomaly detection?
GECCO '05 Proceedings of the 7th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
How Do We Evaluate Artificial Immune Systems?
Evolutionary Computation
A Neuro-Fuzzy Approach for Compensating Color Backlight Images
Neural Processing Letters
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Web dynamics
Immunity-based autonomous guided vehicles control
Applied Soft Computing
Immune optimization algorithm for constrained nonlinear multiobjective optimization problems
Applied Soft Computing
An immunological approach to mobile robot reactive navigation
Applied Soft Computing
Immune inspired somatic contiguous hypermutation for function optimisation
GECCO'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation: PartI
Not all balls are round: an investigation of alternative recognition-region shapes
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
A generic framework for population-based algorithms, implemented on multiple FPGAs
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Two ways to grow tissue for artificial immune systems
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Introducing dendritic cells as a novel immune-inspired algorithm for anomaly detection
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Handling constraints in global optimization using an artificial immune system
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Multiobjective optimization by a modified artificial immune system algorithm
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
A comparative study of real-valued negative selection to statistical anomaly detection techniques
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
A Markov chain model of the b-cell algorithm
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Immunising automated teller machines
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Fault detection algorithm for telephone systems based on the danger theory
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Applying the clonal selection principle to find flexible job-shop schedules
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Application areas of AIS: the past, the present and the future
ICARIS'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
No free lunch theorems for optimization
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Evolutionary programming made faster
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Generating robust and flexible job shop schedules using genetic algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
A formal framework for positive and negative detection schemes
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Theoretical advances in artificial immune systems
Theoretical Computer Science
Immune Responses: A Stochastic Model
ICARIS '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Improving Artificial Immune System Performance: Inductive Bias and Alternative Mutations
ICARIS '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Optimization of Steel Catenary Risers for Offshore Oil Production Using Artificial Immune System
ICARIS '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
On the Relevance of Cellular Signaling Pathways for Immune-Inspired Algorithms
ICARIS '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Rigorous Runtime Analysis of Inversely Fitness Proportional Mutation Rates
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature: PPSN X
Immune Systems and Computation: An Interdisciplinary Adventure
UC '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Unconventional Computing
A negative selection algorithm for classification and reduction of the noise effect
Applied Soft Computing
Face recognition using immune network based on principal component analysis
Proceedings of the first ACM/SIGEVO Summit on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation
Association based immune network for multimodal function optimization
Proceedings of the first ACM/SIGEVO Summit on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation
A Novel Artificial Immune System for Multiobjective Optimization Problems
ISNN 2009 Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part III
WBMOAIS: A novel artificial immune system for multiobjective optimization
Computers and Operations Research
ICARIS '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Immune Systems
ICARIS '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Immune Systems
A hybrid immune simulated annealing algorithm for the job shop scheduling problem
Applied Soft Computing
Effects of Similarity-Based Selection on WBMOIA: A Weight-Based Multiobjective Immune Algorithm
ISICA '09 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Computation and Intelligence
Hybrid detector based negative selection algorithm
WiCOM'09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Wireless communications, networking and mobile computing
Predication based immune network for multimodal function optimization
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Computers and Industrial Engineering
A Survey of artificial immune applications
Artificial Intelligence Review
A cooperative immunological approach for detecting network anomaly
Applied Soft Computing
Artificial immune classifier with swarm learning
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
A hybrid immune model for unsupervised structural damage pattern recognition
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Designing an artificial immune system-based machine learning classifier for medical diagnosis
ICICA'10 Proceedings of the First international conference on Information computing and applications
Enhanced index tracking based on multi-objective immune algorithm
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A modified artificial immune network for feature extracting
ICSI'11 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in swarm intelligence - Volume Part I
Relevance of pattern recognition in a non-deterministic model of immune responses
ICARIS'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Artificial immune systems
An engineering-informed modelling approach to AIS
ICARIS'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Artificial immune systems
Principles and methods of artificial immune system vaccination of learning systems
ICARIS'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Artificial immune systems
Population-based artificial immune system clustering algorithm
ICARIS'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Artificial immune systems
A review of clonal selection algorithm and its applications
Artificial Intelligence Review
Artificial immune clustering algorithm to forecasting seasonal time series
ICCCI'11 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Computational collective intelligence: technologies and applications - Volume Part I
DHMM speech recognition algorithm based on immune particle swarm vector quantization
AICI'11 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Artificial intelligence and computational intelligence - Volume Part III
An artificial immune classifier for credit scoring analysis
Applied Soft Computing
An artificial immune system based algorithm to solve unequal area facility layout problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Gene transposon based clone selection algorithm for automatic clustering
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Artificial Immune Systems: Models, Applications, and challenges
Proceedings of the 27th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
Improving the generalization capability of hybrid immune detector maturation algorithm
HAIS'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Hybrid Artificial Intelligent Systems - Volume Part I
Clonal selection: an immunological algorithm for global optimization over continuous spaces
Journal of Global Optimization
Alpha matting using artificial immune network
ICSI'12 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Advances in Swarm Intelligence - Volume Part I
Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
Computers and Industrial Engineering
A human-simulated immune evolutionary computation approach
ICONIP'12 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Neural Information Processing - Volume Part III
An artificial immune system for solving production scheduling problems: a review
Artificial Intelligence Review
A survey on optimization metaheuristics
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
Software health management with Bayesian networks
Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering
Information Sciences: an International Journal
International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation
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After a decade of research into the area of artificial immune systems, it is worthwhile to take a step back and reflect on the contributions that the paradigm has brought to the application areas to which it has been applied. Undeniably, there have been a lot of successful stories-however, if the field is to advance in the future and really carve out its own distinctive niche, then it is necessary to be able to illustrate that there are clear benefits to be obtained by applying this paradigm rather than others. This paper attempts to take stock of the application areas that have been tackled in the past, and ask the difficult question ''was it worth it ?''. We then attempt to suggest a set of problem features that we believe will allow the true potential of the immunological system to be exploited in computational systems, and define a unique niche for AIS.