An Ontological Model of an Information System
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Towards a formal semantics an inference rules for conceptual data models
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Fundamentals of database systems (2nd ed.)
Fundamentals of database systems (2nd ed.)
Object-oriented metrics that predict maintainability
Journal of Systems and Software - Special issue on object-oriented software
Understanding Quality in Conceptual Modeling
IEEE Software
Investigating quality factors in object-oriented designs: an industrial case study
Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Software engineering
Database design for smarties: using UML for data modeling
Database design for smarties: using UML for data modeling
Acquisition of terminological knowledge using database design techniques
SIGMOD '85 Proceedings of the 1985 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Database description with SDM: a semantic database model
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
The entity-relationship model—toward a unified view of data
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) - Special issue: papers from the international conference on very large data bases: September 22–24, 1975, Framingham, MA
Building Knowledge through Families of Experiments
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Experimentation in software engineering: an introduction
Experimentation in software engineering: an introduction
Journal of Systems and Software - Special issue on Evaluation and assessment in software engineering
Understanding relationships with attributes in entity-relationship diagrams
ICIS '99 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Information Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
The Confounding Effect of Class Size on the Validity of Object-Oriented Metrics
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Software Metrics: A Rigorous Approach
Software Metrics: A Rigorous Approach
Software Engineering Economics
Software Engineering Economics
Replicated Case Studies for Investigating Quality Factorsin Object-Oriented Designs
Empirical Software Engineering
Software Measurement: A Necessary Scientific Basis
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Estimation and Prediction Metrics for Adaptive Maintenance Effort of Object-Oriented Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Predicting Maintenance Performance Using Object-Oriented Design Complexity Metrics
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Algebraic Validation of software Metrics
ESEC '91 Proceedings of the 3rd European Software Engineering Conference
A Methodology for the Design and Transformation of Conceptual Schemas
VLDB '91 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Towards a Deeper Understanding of Quality in Requirements Engineering
CAiSe '95 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering
Conceptual Modeling Quality - From EER to UML Schemas Evaluation
ER '02 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Conceptual Modeling
Improving the Quality of Entity Relationship Models - Experience in Research and Practice
ER '98 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling
Metrics for Evaluating the Quality of Entity Relationship Models
ER '98 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling
The Guidelines of Modeling - An Approach to Enhance the Quality in Information Models
ER '98 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling
Should Optional Properties Be Used in Conceptual Modelling? A Theory and Three Empirical Tests
Information Systems Research
Evaluating the Effect of Inheritance on the Modifiability of Object-Oriented Business Domain Models
CSMR '01 Proceedings of the Fifth European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering
Thresholds for Object-Oriented Measures
ISSRE '00 Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Using ontology to validate conceptual models
Communications of the ACM - Service-oriented computing
Quality in conceptual modeling: five examples of the state of the art
Data & Knowledge Engineering - Special issue: Quality in conceptual modeling
Data & Knowledge Engineering - Special issue: Quality in conceptual modeling
Complexity and clarity in conceptual modeling: comparison of mandatory and optional properties
Data & Knowledge Engineering - Special issue: Quality in conceptual modeling
How do practitioners use conceptual modeling in practice?
Data & Knowledge Engineering - Special issue: ER 2004
Building measure-based prediction models for UML class diagram maintainability
Empirical Software Engineering
Evaluating quality of conceptual modelling scripts based on user perceptions
Data & Knowledge Engineering
No-redundant metrics for UML class diagram structural complexity
CAiSE'03 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Advanced information systems engineering
Object class or association class? testing the user effect on cardinality interpretation
ER'05 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Perspectives in Conceptual Modeling
The TAME project: towards improvement-oriented software environments
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
A Methodology for Collecting Valid Software Engineering Data
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Quality Patterns for Conceptual Modelling
ER '08 Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling
Proceedings of the first international workshop on Model driven service engineering and data quality and security
The measurement of perceived ontological deficiencies of conceptual modeling grammars
Data & Knowledge Engineering
An approach to testing conceptual schemas
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Syntax highlighting in business process models
Decision Support Systems
Quality metrics for conceptual models for data warehouse focusing on dimension hierarchies
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Assessing the maintainability of software product line feature models using structural metrics
Software Quality Control
Guidance for domain specific modeling in small and medium enterprises
Proceedings of the compilation of the co-located workshops on DSM'11, TMC'11, AGERE!'11, AOOPES'11, NEAT'11, & VMIL'11
On the feasibility of using conceptual modeling constructs for the design and analysis of XML data
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Decision support for the software product line domain engineering lifecycle
Automated Software Engineering
Complexity metric for multidimensional models for data warehouse
Proceedings of the CUBE International Information Technology Conference
A study on the effects of routing symbol design on process model comprehension
Decision Support Systems
Understanding understandability of conceptual models --- what are we actually talking about?
ER'12 Proceedings of the 31st international conference on Conceptual Modeling
Journal of Database Management
Review: Recent developments in the organization goals conformance using ontology
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Performing and analyzing non-formal inspections of entity relationship diagram (ERD)
Journal of Systems and Software
Effective data warehouse for information delivery: a literature survey and classification
International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations
Evaluating the benefits of using domain-specific modeling languages: an experience report
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM workshop on Domain-specific modeling
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Database and data model evolution cause significant problems in the highly dynamic business environment that we experience these days. To support the rapidly changing data requirements of agile companies, conceptual data models, which constitute the foundation of database design, should be sufficiently flexible to be able to incorporate changes easily and smoothly. In order to understand what factors drive the maintainability of conceptual data models and to improve conceptual modelling processes, we need to be able to assess conceptual data model properties and qualities in an objective and cost-efficient manner. The scarcity of early available and thoroughly validated maintainability measurement instruments motivated us to define a set of metrics for Entity-Relationship (ER) diagrams. In this paper we show that these easily calculated and objective metrics, measuring structural properties of ER diagrams, can be used as indicators of the understandability of the diagrams. Understandability is a key factor in determining maintainability as model modifications must be preceded by a thorough understanding of the model. The validation of the metrics as early understandability indicators opens up the way for an in-depth study of how structural properties determine conceptual data model understandability. It also allows building maintenance-related prediction models that can be used in conceptual data modelling practice.