Interval-based Clock Synchronization
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on global time in large scale distributed real-time systems, part II
FireWire system architecture (2nd ed.): IEEE 1394a
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Time synchronization in ad hoc networks
MobiHoc '01 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
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IPDPS '01 Proceedings of the 15th International Parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium
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PODC '83 Proceedings of the second annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing
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Timing-sync protocol for sensor networks
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Adaptive clock synchronization in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Improved interval-based clock synchronization in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
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On-Line Timestamping Synchronization in Distributed Sensor Architectures
RTAS '05 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Real Time on Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium
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Timestamp conversion is an important consideration in the deployment of distributed architectures. In this article we propose a precise, low-cost solution for on-line and post-processing timestamp conversion in distributed architectures, robust as regards the plugging and unplugging of hardware and the addition of new nodes (that is to say the different pieces of hardware connected to the network), not synchronized, and with no negative impact on the conversion quality. Each node (e.g., a computer) has at least one free-running clock. This clock's time is the reference for all events used by the node. When the local node needs to record the time of an event timestamped by a remote node, the time is converted from the remote node's time to the local node's time. Interval timestamping is used, to take account of time imperfections (e.g. sensor and computer latencies, or due to time conversion between the different computers). A network clock is used, enabling a precise conversion and avoiding exchanges of messages for the conversion of clock correspondences. Moreover, it allows an unlimited number of nodes in the network.