How to generate cryptographically strong sequences of pseudo-random bits
SIAM Journal on Computing
Private coins versus public coins in interactive proof systems
STOC '86 Proceedings of the eighteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Probabilistic quantifiers, adversaries, and complexity classes: an overview
Proc. of the conference on Structure in complexity theory
The knowledge complexity of interactive proof-systems
STOC '85 Proceedings of the seventeenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Trading group theory for randomness
STOC '85 Proceedings of the seventeenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
The complexity of perfect zero-knowledge
STOC '87 Proceedings of the nineteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Does co-NP have short interactive proofs?
Information Processing Letters
A complexity theoretic approach to randomness
STOC '83 Proceedings of the fifteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Theory and application of trapdoor functions
SFCS '82 Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Proofs that yield nothing but their validity and a methodology of cryptographic protocol design
SFCS '86 Proceedings of the 27th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
SFCS '86 Proceedings of the 27th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Everything provable is provable in zero-knowledge
CRYPTO '88 Proceedings on Advances in cryptology
The (true) complexity of statistical zero knowledge
STOC '90 Proceedings of the twenty-second annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Making zero-knowledge provers efficient
STOC '92 Proceedings of the twenty-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Interactive hashing simplifies zero-knowledge protocol design
EUROCRYPT '93 Workshop on the theory and application of cryptographic techniques on Advances in cryptology
Computational complexity and knowledge complexity (extended abstract)
STOC '94 Proceedings of the twenty-sixth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Achieving Zero-Knowledge Robustly
CRYPTO '90 Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Interactive Proofs with Provable Security Against Honest Verifiers
CRYPTO '90 Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Honest Verifier vs Dishonest Verifier in Public Cain Zero-Knowledge Proofs
CRYPTO '95 Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Achieving perfect completeness in classical-witness quantum merlin-arthur proof systems
Quantum Information & Computation
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An interactive proof system with Perfect Completeness (resp. Perfect Soundness) for a language L is an interactive proof (for L) in which for every x ∈ L (resp. x ∉ L) the verifier always accepts (resp. always rejects). Zachos and Fuerer showed that any language having a bounded interactive proof has one with perfect completeness. We extend their result and show that any language having a (possibly unbounded) interactive proof system has one with perfect completeness. On the other hand, only languages in NP have interactive proofs with perfect soundness. We present two proofs of the main result. One proof extends Lautemann's proof that BPP is in the polynomial-time hierarchy. The other proof, uses a new protocol for proving approximately lower bounds and "random selection". The problem of random selection consists of a verifier selecting at random, with uniform probability distribution, an element from an arbitrary set held by the prover. Previous protocols known for approximate lower bound do not solve the random selection problem. Interestingly, random selection can be implemented by an unbounded Arthur-Merlin game but can not be implemented by a two-iteration game.