Specifying gestures by example
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Recognizing multistroke geometric shapes: an experimental evaluation
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Hyperedge replacement graph grammars
Handbook of graph grammars and computing by graph transformation
Quikwriting: continuous stylus-based text entry
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
DENIM: finding a tighter fit between tools and practice for Web site design
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interaction techniques for ambiguity resolution in recognition-based interfaces
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
SATIN: a toolkit for informal ink-based applications
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Concepts and realization of a diagram editor generator based on hypergraph transformation
Science of Computer Programming - Special issue on applications of graph transformations (GRATRA 2000)
Sketch based interfaces: early processing for sketch understanding
Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Perceptive user interfaces
Hierarchical parsing and recognition of hand-sketched diagrams
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
InkKit: a generic design tool for the tablet PC
CHINZ '05 Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCHI New Zealand chapter's international conference on Computer-human interaction: making CHI natural
A Trainable System for Recognizing Diagrammatic Sketch Languages
VLHCC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing
Graphs and Hypergraphs
An Agent-Based Framework for Context-Driven Interpretation of Symbols in Diagrammatic Sketches
VLHCC '06 Proceedings of the Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing
A Multi-layer Parsing Strategy for On-line Recognition of Hand-drawn Diagrams
VLHCC '06 Proceedings of the Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing
Supporting Generic Sketching-Based Input of Diagrams in a Domain-Specific Visual Language Meta-Tool
ICSE '07 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Software Engineering
A toolkit approach to sketched diagram recognition
BCS-HCI '07 Proceedings of the 21st British HCI Group Annual Conference on People and Computers: HCI...but not as we know it - Volume 1
Resolving ambiguities to create a natural computer-based sketching environment
IJCAI'01 Proceedings of the 17th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
An image-based, trainable symbol recognizer for hand-drawn sketches
Computers and Graphics
LADDER, a sketching language for user interface developers
Computers and Graphics
A model-based recognition engine for sketched diagrams
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
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We present an approach to the processing of hand-drawn diagrams. Hand drawing is inherently imprecise; we rely on syntactical and semantical analysis to resolve the inevitable ambiguities arising from this impreciseness. Based on the specification of a diagram language (containing aspects like concrete and abstract syntax, grammar rules for a parser, and attributes for semantics), editors supporting free hand drawing are generated. Since the generation process relies on the specifications only, our approach is fully generic. In this paper the overall architecture and concepts of our approach are explained and discussed. The user-drawn strokes (forming the diagram) are transformed into a number of independent models. The drawn components are recognized in these models, directed by the specification. Then the set of all components is analyzed to find the interpretation that best fits the whole diagram. We build upon DiaGen, a generic diagram editor generator enabling syntax and semantic analysis for diagrams, and extend it to support hand drawing. Case studies (done with a fully working implementation in Java) confirm the strength and applicability of our approach.