Designing for usability: key principles and what designers think
Communications of the ACM
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An empirical comparison of pie vs. linear menus
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Specifying gestures by example
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Pad++: a zooming graphical interface for exploring alternate interface physics
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
A perceptually-supported sketch editor
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Interactive sketching for the early stages of user interface design
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Designing large-scale Web sites: a visual design methodology
Designing large-scale Web sites: a visual design methodology
Ambiguous intentions: a paper-like interface for creative design
Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Anecdote: a multimedia storyboarding system with seamless authoring support
MULTIMEDIA '96 Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Sketching storyboards to illustrate interface behaviors
Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pen-based interaction techniques for organizing material on an electronic whiteboard
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Beyond paper: supporting active reading with free form digital ink annotations
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Information architecture for the World Wide Web
Information architecture for the World Wide Web
PatchWork: a software tool for early design
CHI 98 Cconference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Implications for a gesture design tool
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
NotePals: lightweight note sharing by the group, for the group
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
IEEE Intelligent Systems
A visual language for a sketch-based UI prototyping tool
CHI '99 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interactive Sketching for the Early Stages of User Interface Design
Interactive Sketching for the Early Stages of User Interface Design
A Toolkit Supporting Pen-Based Interfaces
A Toolkit Supporting Pen-Based Interfaces
Sitemaps, Storyboards, and Specifications: A Sketch of Web Site Design
Sitemaps, Storyboards, and Specifications: A Sketch of Web Site Design
Rough and ready prototypes: lessons from graphic design
CHI '92 Posters and Short Talks of the 1992 SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sitemaps, storyboards, and specifications: a sketch of Web site design practice
DIS '00 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
Suede: a Wizard of Oz prototyping tool for speech user interfaces
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
SATIN: a toolkit for informal ink-based applications
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
DEMAIS: designing multimedia applications with interactive storyboards
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Multimedia
The designers' outpost: a tangible interface for collaborative web site
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
A visual language for sketching large and complex interactive designs
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Computer-aided sketching to capture preliminary design
AUIC '02 Proceedings of the Third Australasian conference on User interfaces - Volume 7
Specifying behavior and semantic meaning in an unmodified layered drawing package
Proceedings of the 15th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The designer's outpost: a task-centered tangible interface for web site information design
CHI '00 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
DENIM: an informal tool for early stage web site design
CHI '01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
End-user perceptions of formal and informal representations of web sites
CHI '01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
M-Studio: an authoring application for context-aware multimedia
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ClearPen: improving the legibility of handwriting
CHI '03 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Forming interactivity: a tool for rapid prototyping of physical interactive products
DIS '02 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
Capturing user tests in a multimodal, multidevice informal prototyping tool
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Sketching informal presentations
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Robust sketched symbol fragmentation using templates
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Fluid interaction techniques for the control and annotation of digital video
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Visually prototyping perceptual user interfaces through multimodal storyboarding
Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Perceptive user interfaces
Variation in element and action: supporting simultaneous development of alternative solutions
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The calder toolkit: wired and wireless components for rapidly prototyping interactive devices
DIS '04 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
Hierarchical parsing and recognition of hand-sketched diagrams
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Experimental analysis of mode switching techniques in pen-based user interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
HCI pattern semantics in XML: a pragmatic approach
HSSE '05 Proceedings of the 2005 workshop on Human and social factors of software engineering
Sketch Grammars: A Formalism for Describing and Recognizing Diagrammatic Sketch Languages
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Designers' use of paper and the implications for informal tools
OZCHI '05 Proceedings of the 17th Australia conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Citizens Online: Considerations for Today and the Future
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Invited research overview: end-user programming
CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Storyboarding: an empirical determination of best practices and effective guidelines
DIS '06 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Designing Interactive systems
SATIN: a toolkit for informal ink-based applications
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
WOZ pro: a pen-based low fidelity prototyping environment to support wizard of oz studies
CHI '07 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Supporting Generic Sketching-Based Input of Diagrams in a Domain-Specific Visual Language Meta-Tool
ICSE '07 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Software Engineering
Connector semantics for sketched diagram recognition
AUIC '07 Proceedings of the eight Australasian conference on User interface - Volume 64
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
SATIN: a toolkit for informal ink-based applications
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
Hierarchical parsing and recognition of hand-sketched diagrams
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
LADDER, a sketching language for user interface developers
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: a $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Notation and representation in collaborative object-oriented design: an observational study
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming systems and applications
Papiercraft: A gesture-based command system for interactive paper
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
A framework for mobile evaluation
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The anatomy of prototypes: Prototypes as filters, prototypes as manifestations of design ideas
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Ink features for diagram recognition
SBIM '07 Proceedings of the 4th Eurographics workshop on Sketch-based interfaces and modeling
Recognition and processing of hand-drawn diagrams using syntactic and semantic analysis
AVI '08 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
A mixed-fidelity prototyping tool for mobile devices
AVI '08 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
SUMLOW: early design-stage sketching of UML diagrams on an E-whiteboard
Software—Practice & Experience
Range: exploring implicit interaction through electronic whiteboard design
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
DENIM: an informal web site design tool inspired by observations of practice
Human-Computer Interaction
A toolkit approach to sketched diagram recognition
BCS-HCI '07 Proceedings of the 21st British HCI Group Annual Conference on People and Computers: HCI...but not as we know it - Volume 1
User evaluation of OIDE: a rapid prototyping platform for multimodal interaction
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
Computational Support for Sketching in Design: A Review
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction
Ubiquitous Computing for Capture and Access
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction
Automatically transforming symbolic shape descriptions for use in sketch recognition
AAAI'04 Proceedings of the 19th national conference on Artifical intelligence
A mobile tool for in-situ prototyping
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
An Evaluation Framework for Mobile User Interfaces
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I
LADDER, a sketching language for user interface developers
Computers and Graphics
Automated freehand sketch segmentation using radial basis functions
Computer-Aided Design
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Generating systems from multiple sketched models
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
d.note: revising user interfaces through change tracking, annotations, and alternatives
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Mixed-fidelity prototyping of user interfaces
DSVIS'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Interactive systems: Design, specification, and verification
Application of visual programming to web mash up development
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: interaction design and usability
Trainable sketch recognizer for graphical user interface design
INTERACT'07 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction
Software design sketching with calico
Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM international conference on Automated software engineering
AUIC '09 Proceedings of the Tenth Australasian Conference on User Interfaces - Volume 93
Capture and evolution of web requirements using webspec
ICWE'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Web engineering
The power of automatic feature selection: Rubine on steroids
Proceedings of the Seventh Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling Symposium
Inkus: a freehand method of creating business process models
Proceedings of the Seventh Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling Symposium
Sketching interactive systems with sketchify
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Acquiring and pointing: an empirical study of pen-tilt-based interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sketching tools for ideation (NIER track)
Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering
AppMap: exploring user interface visualizations
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2011
CAP3: context-sensitive abstract user interface specification
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
GRIP: get better results from interactive prototypes
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
Conté: multimodal input inspired by an artist's crayon
Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Examples galleries generated by interactive genetic algorithms
Procedings of the Second Conference on Creativity and Innovation in Design
Procedings of the Second Conference on Creativity and Innovation in Design
Physical object icons buttons gesture (PIBG): a new interaction paradigm with pen
CSCWD'04 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design I
Research on user-centered design and recognition pen gestures
CGI'06 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Advances in Computer Graphics
Recognizing and simulating sketched logic circuits
KES'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part III
A handwriting tool to support creative activities
KES'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part IV
Supporting business model modelling: a compromise between creativity and constraints
TAMODIA'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Task Models and Diagrams for User Interface Design
Investigating annotation in electronic paper-prototypes
DSVIS'05 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Interactive Systems: design, specification, and verification
FreeForm: informal form design on a large interactive display surface
CHINZ '01 Proceedings of the Symposium on Computer Human Interaction
Designing and Evaluating Mobile Interaction: Challenges and Trends
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction
Building interactive prototypes of mobile user interfaces with a digital pen
Proceedings of the 10th asia pacific conference on Computer human interaction
A paradigm for handwriting-based intelligent tutors
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Designing graphical user interfaces integrating gestures
Proceedings of the 30th ACM international conference on Design of communication
A data collection tool for sketched diagrams
SBM'08 Proceedings of the Fifth Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Query-adaptive shape topic mining for hand-drawn sketch recognition
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Multimedia
ReflectionSpace: an interactive visualization tool for supporting reflection-on-action in design
Proceedings of the 9th ACM Conference on Creativity & Cognition
EventHurdle: supporting designers' exploratory interaction prototyping with gesture-based sensors
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
LaserOrigami: laser-cutting 3D objects
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Dynamic injection of sketching features into GEF based diagram editors
Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering
i2ME: a framework for building interactive mockups
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
A mixed-initiative tool for designing level progressions in games
Proceedings of the 26th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
User perceptions of drawing logic diagrams with pen-centric user interfaces
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2013
Towards a tool for design ideation: insights from use of SketchStorm
BCS-HCI '13 Proceedings of the 27th International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference
Mockup-Driven Development: Providing agile support for Model-Driven Web Engineering
Information and Software Technology
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Through a study of web site design practice, we observed that web site designers design sites at different levels of refinement—site map, storyboard, and individual page—and that designers sketch at all levels during the early stages of design. However, existing web design tools do not support these tasks very well. Informed by these observations, we created DENIM, a system that helps web site designers in the early stages of design. DENIM supports sketching input, allows design at different refinement levels, and unifies the levels through zooming. We performed an informal evaluation with seven professional designers and found that they reacted positively to the concept and were interested in using such a system in their work.