CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Space-scale diagrams: understanding multiscale interfaces
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Three dimensional software modelling
Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Software engineering
DENIM: finding a tighter fit between tools and practice for Web site design
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The designers' outpost: a tangible interface for collaborative web site
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
A Study of Collaboration in Software Design
ISESE '03 Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering
Proceedings of the 21st annual international conference on Documentation
The Object Primer: Agile Model-Driven Development with UML 2.0
The Object Primer: Agile Model-Driven Development with UML 2.0
INTERACTING with sketched interface designs: an evaluation study
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Workshop on Directions in Software Engineering Environments (WoDiSEE)
Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Software Engineering
Group Support for Distributed Collaborative Concurrent Software Modeling
Proceedings of the 19th IEEE international conference on Automated software engineering
Supporting distributed software design meetings: what can we learn from co-located meetings?
HSSE '05 Proceedings of the 2005 workshop on Human and social factors of software engineering
An Experimental Investigation of Formality in UML-Based Development
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Effects of defects in UML models: an experimental investigation
Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Software engineering
Maintaining mental models: a study of developer work habits
Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Software engineering
An e-whiteboard application to support early design-stage sketching of UML diagrams
HCC '03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Symposium on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments
Software Cinema-Video-based Requirements Engineering
RE '06 Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference
Let's go to the whiteboard: how and why software developers use drawings
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Supporting Generic Sketching-Based Input of Diagrams in a Domain-Specific Visual Language Meta-Tool
ICSE '07 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Software Engineering
Information Needs in Collocated Software Development Teams
ICSE '07 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Software Engineering
Object-oriented analysis and design in software project teams
Human-Computer Interaction
Supporting several levels of restriction in the UML
UML'00 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on The unified modeling language: advancing the standard
Designing a prosthetic memory to support software developers
Companion of the 30th international conference on Software engineering
Calico: a prototype sketching tool for modeling in early design
Proceedings of the 2008 international workshop on Models in software engineering
eMoose: a memory aid for software developers
Companion to the 23rd ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming systems languages and applications
Designing a memory aid to support software developers
Companion to the 23rd ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming systems languages and applications
Pushing relevant artifact annotations in collaborative software development
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Improving API documentation usability with knowledge pushing
ICSE '09 Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Software Engineering
Consistency Checking for Component Reuse in Open Systems
ICSR '09 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Software Reuse: Formal Foundations of Reuse and Domain Engineering
Informal software design knowledge reuse
Proceedings of the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - Volume 2
Software design sketching with calico
Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM international conference on Automated software engineering
Inkus: a freehand method of creating business process models
Proceedings of the Seventh Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling Symposium
A design perspective on modularity
Proceedings of the tenth international conference on Aspect-oriented software development
A demonstration of a distributed software design sketching tool
Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering
Procedings of the Second Conference on Creativity and Innovation in Design
Comparing horizontal and vertical surfaces for a collaborative design task
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction
Navigating constraints: the design work of professional software developers
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Enabling a classroom design studio with a collaborative sketch design tool
Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering
Sketching software in the wild
Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering
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Software designers in the object-oriented paradigm can make use of modeling tools and standard notations such as UML. Nevertheless, casual observations from collocated design collaborations suggest that teams tend to use physical mediums to sketch a plethora of informal diagrams in varied representations that often diverge from UML. To better understand such collaborations and support them with tools, we need to understand the origins, roles, uses, and implications of these alternate representations. To this end we conducted observational studies of collaborative design exercises, in which we focused on representation use. Our primary finding is that teams intentionally improviserepresentations and organize design information in responseto ad-hoc needs, which arise from the evolution of the design, and which are difficult to meet with fixed standard notations. This behavior incurs orientation and grounding difficulties for which teams compensate by relying on memory, other communication mediums, and contextual cues. Without this additional information the artifacts are difficult to interpret and have limited documentation potential. Collaborative design tools and processes should therefore focus on preserving contextual information while permitting unconstrained mixing and improvising of notations.