A comparison of input devices in element pointing and dragging tasks
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User learning and performance with marking menus
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Artists and the art of the luthier
ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
Logic and computer design fundamentals
Logic and computer design fundamentals
Beyond Fitts' law: models for trajectory-based HCI tasks
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
DENIM: finding a tighter fit between tools and practice for Web site design
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
MathPad2: a system for the creation and exploration of mathematical sketches
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
CrossY: a crossing-based drawing application
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
SketchREAD: a multi-domain sketch recognition engine
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: a $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Designing a sketch recognition front-end: user perception of interface elements
SBIM '07 Proceedings of the 4th Eurographics workshop on Sketch-based interfaces and modeling
Applications and Issues in Pen-Centric Computing
IEEE MultiMedia
LADDER, a sketching language for user interface developers
Computers and Graphics
Combining geometry and domain knowledge to interpret hand-drawn diagrams
Computers and Graphics
Exploring usability and learnability of mode inferencing in pen/tablet interfaces
Proceedings of the Seventh Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling Symposium
Sketch-based Interfaces and Modeling
Sketch-based Interfaces and Modeling
Proceedings of the Eighth Eurographics Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Estimating the perceived difficulty of pen gestures
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part II
LogicPad: a pen-based application for visualization and verification of boolean algebra
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM international conference on Intelligent User Interfaces
An empirical study in pen-centric user interfaces: diagramming
SBM'08 Proceedings of the Fifth Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
Researchers hypothesize pen-based interfaces are the input method of choice for structured 2D languages, as they are natural for users. In our research we asked whether naturalness, similarity to pen and paper, is more important than speed of entry and ease of use by performing a study comparing interfaces for creating logic diagrams. We compared a Wizard of Oz based sketch interface with 100% accuracy, a drag-and-drop interface, and a hybrid interface combining features from sketch and drag-and-drop. Eighteen college students with logic gate diagram backgrounds participated in the study. We found that participants finished fastest with the hybrid interface, but ten out of eighteen participants felt that the sketch interface was fastest. Ten participants ranked the sketch interface easiest to use, while the hybrid interface was rated highly on ease of use metrics. Participants showed significant inclination towards the sketch interface as being natural. While the hybrid and sketch interfaces were ranked best for overall preference, neither was ranked more than the other. Even though the hybrid interface was empirically faster, user preferences for the interfaces varied, with many participants favoring the sketch interface. Finally, we tested for correlations between overall ranking for interfaces and other rankings on the interfaces and found the strongest correlation to be with ease of use. Based on our results, we believe that combining sketching with other interface paradigms could lead to better interfaces for structured 2D languages.