Extending lifetime of portable systems by battery scheduling
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Battery-aware static scheduling for distributed real-time embedded systems
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Discrete-time battery models for system-level low-power design
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Battery Model for Embedded Systems
VLSID '05 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 4th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design
Battery optimization vs energy optimization: which to choose and when?
ICCAD '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
Battery aware dynamic scheduling for periodic task graphs
IPDPS'06 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Parallel and distributed processing
Static task-scheduling algorithms for battery-powered DVS systems
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
ULS: A dual-Vth/high-κ nano-CMOS universal level shifter for system-level power management
ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems (JETC)
Modular system-level architecture for concurrent cell balancing
Proceedings of the 50th Annual Design Automation Conference
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Battery lifetime and safety are primary concerns in the design of battery operated systems. Lifetime management is typically supervised by the system via battery-aware task scheduling, while safety is managed on the battery side via features deployed into smart batteries. This research proposes IntellBatt; an intelligent battery cell array based novel design of a multi-cell battery that offloads battery lifetime management onto the battery. By deploying a battery cell array management unit, IntellBatt exploits various battery related characteristics such as charge recovery effect, to enhance battery lifetime and ensure safe operation. This is achieved by using real-time cell status information to selects cells to deliver the required load current, without the involvement of a complex task scheduler on the host system. The proposed design was evaluated via simulation using accurate cell models and real experimental traces from a portable DVD player. The use of a multi-cell design enhanced battery lifetime by 22% in terms of battery discharge time. Besides a standalone deployment, IntellBatt can also be combined with existing battery-aware task scheduling approaches to further enhance battery lifetime.