Centralized versus decentralized computing: organizational considerations and management options
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
The fifth generation: artificial intelligence and Japan's computer challenge to the world
The fifth generation: artificial intelligence and Japan's computer challenge to the world
Desktop computerization and the organization of work
Computers in the human context: information technology, productivity, and people
Returns to science: computer networks in oceanography
Communications of the ACM - Special issue on internetworking
The seductive equation of technological progress with social progress
Computerization and controversy (2nd ed.)
Internet and Web use in the U.S.
Communications of the ACM
Automated welfare client-tracking and service integration: the political economy of computing
Communications of the ACM
Tyranny of the Moment
Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation
Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation
Design of Man-Computer Dialogues
Design of Man-Computer Dialogues
Computers and Thought
Information technology and economic performance: A critical review of the empirical evidence
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Towards a person-centered computer technology
ACM '73 Proceedings of the ACM annual conference
Notes on the social impacts of artificial intelligence
ACM SIGART Bulletin
Three Faces of Human-Computer Interaction
IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
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One foundational element of Rob Kling's research and writing is his critical perspective on the nature, role, and dynamics of computerization. His main argument was that one should view as dubious any statements that are not grounded in empirical evidence or theoretical analysis. Rob's work was replete with critical refutation, in which he challenged assumptions or statements about computerization and provided alternative interpretations. Much of his work delivered indictments against hyperbolic statements that claimed either utopian or dystopian outcomes from computerization. However, some of his own writings on emerging technologies tended to be dismissive and marginalizing, revealing in his own work some of the weaknesses he pointed out in others' rhetoric and writing. This article identifies intellectual traps inherent in critical perspectives that can catch even the most acute practitioners. The objective is to help elucidate and stabilize the epistemological foundations for Rob's critical perspective on the role of computerization.