The case for persistent-connection HTTP
SIGCOMM '95 Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Network performance effects of HTTP/1.1, CSS1, and PNG
SIGCOMM '97 Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '97 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Cluster-based scalable network services
Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Self-similarity in World Wide Web traffic: evidence and possible causes
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Generating representative Web workloads for network and server performance evaluation
SIGMETRICS '98/PERFORMANCE '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
A performance evaluation of hyper text transfer protocols
SIGMETRICS '99 Proceedings of the 1999 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Business-oriented resource management policies for e-commerce servers
Performance Evaluation - Special issue on internet performance modelling
An admission control scheme for predictable server response time for web accesses
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide Web
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Preserving QoS of e-commerce sites through self-tuning: a performance model approach
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM conference on Electronic Commerce
Performance Guarantees for Web Server End-Systems: A Control-Theoretical Approach
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Flash crowds and denial of service attacks: characterization and implications for CDNs and web sites
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web
A method for transparent admission control and request scheduling in e-commerce web sites
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web
A smart hill-climbing algorithm for application server configuration
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web
Automated Cluster-Based Web Service Performance Tuning
HPDC '04 Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing
Using Information from Prior Runs to Improve Automated Tuning Systems
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Adaptive overload control for busy internet servers
USITS'03 Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 4
Model-based resource provisioning in a web service utility
USITS'03 Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 4
Online response time optimization of Apache web server
IWQoS'03 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Quality of service
A practical approach to automatic parameter-tuning of web servers
ASIAN'05 Proceedings of the 10th Asian Computing Science conference on Advances in computer science: data management on the web
When Ambient Intelligence meets the Internet: User Module framework and its applications
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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Apache web servers are widely used as stand-alone servers or front-ends in multi-tiered web servers. Despite the wide availability of software, it is quite difficult for many administrators to properly configure their web servers. In particular, setting the performance-related parameters is an error-prone and time-consuming task because their values heavily depend on the server environment. In this paper, two mechanisms are described for automatically tuning two performance-related parameters of Apache web servers: *KeepAliveTimeout* and *MaxClients*. These mechanisms are easy to deploy because no modifications to the server or the operating system are required. Moreover, they are parameter specific. Although interference between *KeepAliveTimeout* and *MaxClients* is inevitable, the tuning mechanisms minimize the correlation by using almost completely independent metrics. Experimental results show that these mechanisms work well for two different workloads; the parameter values are close to optimal and can adapt to workload changes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.