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ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Quantitative comparison of power management algorithms
DATE '00 Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Adaptive disk spin—down for mobile computers
Mobile Networks and Applications
Designing computer systems with MEMS-based storage
ASPLOS IX Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Freeblock Scheduling Outside of Disk Firmware
FAST '02 Proceedings of the Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Active Storage for Large-Scale Data Mining and Multimedia
VLDB '98 Proceedings of the 24rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Massive arrays of idle disks for storage archives
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Conserving disk energy in network servers
ICS '03 Proceedings of the 17th annual international conference on Supercomputing
Adaptive Hard Disk Power Management on Personal Computers
GLS '99 Proceedings of the Ninth Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI
Energy Management for Server Clusters
HOTOS '01 Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems
Cost-Efficient Memory Architecture Design of NAND Flash Memory Embedded Systems
ICCD '03 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer Design
Energy conservation techniques for disk array-based servers
Proceedings of the 18th annual international conference on Supercomputing
The performance impact of I/O optimizations and disk improvements
IBM Journal of Research and Development
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Mining block correlations to improve storage performance
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Disk layout optimization for reducing energy consumption
Proceedings of the 19th annual international conference on Supercomputing
Modeling Hard-Disk Power Consumption
FAST '03 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Hibernator: helping disk arrays sleep through the winter
Proceedings of the twentieth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Efficient management for large-scale flash-memory storage systems with resource conservation
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
EERAID: energy efficient redundant and inexpensive disk array
Proceedings of the 11th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop
Program Counter-Based Prediction Techniques for Dynamic Power Management
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Should disks be speed demons or brainiacs?
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Energy efficient prefetching and caching
ATEC '04 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Power provisioning for a warehouse-sized computer
Proceedings of the 34th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
A Quantitative analysis of disk drive power management in portable computers
WTEC'94 Proceedings of the USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference on USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference
Thwarting the power-hungry disk
WTEC'94 Proceedings of the USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference on USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference
Disk failures in the real world: what does an MTTF of 1,000,000 hours mean to you?
FAST '07 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
An efficient algorithm for mining frequent inter-transaction patterns
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Hierarchical clustering of mixed data based on distance hierarchy
Information Sciences: an International Journal
FAST'08 Proceedings of the 6th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
RISC: A resilient interconnection network for scalable cluster storage systems
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
Exploiting the performance gains of modern disk drives by enhancing data locality
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Deconstructing Network Attached Storage systems
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Optimizing energy and performance for server-class file system workloads
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Evaluating performance and energy in file system server workloads
FAST'10 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
What is the future of disk drives, death or rebirth?
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Architectures and optimization methods of flash memory based storage systems
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
Self-similarity: Behind workload reshaping and prediction
Future Generation Computer Systems
Modeling the aging process of flash storage by leveraging semantic I/O
Future Generation Computer Systems
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Energy efficiency has become one of the most important challenges in designing future computing systems, and the storage system is one of the largest energy consumers within them. This paper proposes an Energy Efficient Disk (EED) drive architecture which integrates a relatively small-sized NAND flash memory into a traditional disk drive to explore the impact of the flash memory on the performance and energy consumption of the disk. The EED monitors data access patterns and moves the frequently accessed data from the magnetic disk to the flash memory. Due to the data migration, most of the data accesses can be satisfied with the flash memory, which extends the idle period of the disk drive and enables the disk drive to stay in a low power state for an extended period of time. Because flash memory consumes considerably less energy and the read access is much faster than a magnetic disk, the EED can save significant amounts of energy while reducing the average response time. Real trace driven simulations are employed to validate the proposed disk drive architecture. An energy coefficient, which is the product of the average response time and the average energy consumption, is proposed as a performance metric to measure the EED. The simulation results, along with the energy coefficient, show that the EED can achieve an 89.11% energy consumption reduction and a 2.04% average response time reduction with cello99 trace, a 7.5% energy consumption reduction and a 45.15% average response time reduction with cello96 trace, and a 20.06% energy consumption reduction and a 6.02% average response time reduction with TPC-D trace, respectively. Traditionally, energy conservation and performance improvement are contradictory. The EED strikes a good balance between conserving energy and improving performance.