Classification of Anti-learnable Biological and Synthetic Data

  • Authors:
  • Adam Kowalczyk

  • Affiliations:
  • National ICT Australia and, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia

  • Venue:
  • PKDD 2007 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
  • Year:
  • 2007

Quantified Score

Hi-index 0.00

Visualization

Abstract

We demonstrate a binary classification problem in which standard supervised learning algorithms such as linear and kernel SVM, naive Bayes, ridge regression, k-nearest neighbors, shrunken centroid, multilayer perceptron and decision trees perform in an unusual way. On certain data sets they classify a randomly sampled training subset nearly perfectly, but systematically perform worse than random guessing on cases unseen in training. We demonstrate this phenomenon in classification of a natural data set of cancer genomics microarrays using cross-validation test. Additionally, we generate a range of synthetic datasets, the outcomes of 0-sum games, for which we analyse this phenomenon in the i.i.d. setting.Furthermore, we propose and evaluate a remedy that yields promising results for classifying such data as well as normal datasets. We simply transform the classifier scores by an additional 1-dimensional linear transformation developed, for instance, to maximize classification accuracy of the outputs of an internal cross-validation on the training set. We also discuss the relevance to other fields such as learning theory, boosting, regularization, sample bias and application of kernels.