An artificial discourse language for collaborative negotiation
AAAI '94 Proceedings of the twelfth national conference on Artificial intelligence (vol. 1)
The effect of resource limits and task complexity on collaborative planning in dialogue
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on empirical methods
Fast planning through planning graph analysis
Artificial Intelligence
Improvising linguistic style: social and affective bases for agent personality
AGENTS '97 Proceedings of the first international conference on Autonomous agents
Building natural language generation systems
Building natural language generation systems
The automated design of believable dialogues for animated presentation teams
Embodied conversational agents
Negotiated Collusion: Modeling Social Language and its Relationship Effects in Intelligent Agents
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
HICSS '03 Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'03) - Track1 - Volume 1
Experimental evaluation of polite interaction tactics for pedagogical agents
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Cross-Cultural Evaluation of Politeness in Tactics for Pedagogical Agents
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
Endowing Virtual Characters with Expressive Conversational Skills
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Towards personality-based user adaptation: psychologically informed stylistic language generation
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
A politeness recognition tool for Hindi: with special emphasis on online texts
Proceedings of the 20th international conference companion on World wide web
The Spanish Steps flower scam: agent-based modeling of a complex social interaction
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 3
Modelling human tutors' feedback to inform natural language interfaces for learning
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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Recent research on conversational agents emphasises the need to build affective conversational systems with social intelligence. Politeness is an integral part of socially appropriate and affective conversational behaviour, e.g. consider the difference in the pragmatic effect of realizing the same communicative goal with either "Get me a glass of water mate!" or "I wonder if I could possibly have some water please?" This paper presents POLLy (Politeness for Language Learning), a system which combines a spoken language generator with an artificial intelligence planner to model Brown and Levinson's theory of politeness in collaborative task-oriented dialogue, with the ultimate goal of providing a fun and stimulating environment for learning English as a second language. An evaluation of politeness perceptions of POLLy's output shows that: (1) perceptions are generally consistent with Brown and Levinson's predictions for choice of form and for discourse situation, i.e. utterances to strangers need to be much more polite than those to friends; (2) our indirect strategies which should be the politest forms, are seen as the rudest; and (3) English and Indian native speakers of English have different perceptions of politeness.