Effective Dimensions and Relative Frequencies

  • Authors:
  • Xiaoyang Gu;Jack H. Lutz

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, USA IA 50011;Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, USA IA 50011

  • Venue:
  • CiE '08 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Computability in Europe: Logic and Theory of Algorithms
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

Consider the problem of calculating the fractal dimension of a set Xconsisting of all infinite sequences Sover a finite alphabet Σthat satisfy some given condition Pon the asymptotic frequencies with which various symbols from Σappear in S. Solutions to this problem are known in cases where(i) the fractal dimension is classical (Hausdorff or packing dimension), or(ii) the fractal dimension is effective (even finite-state) and the condition Pcompletelyspecifies an empirical distribution 驴over Σ, i.e., a limiting frequency of occurrence for everysymbol in Σ.In this paper we show how to calculate the finite-state dimension (equivalently, the finite-state compressibility) of such a set Xwhen the condition Ponly imposes partialconstraints on the limiting frequencies of symbols. Our results automatically extend to less restrictive effective fractal dimensions (e.g., polynomial-time, computable, and constructive dimensions), and they have the classical results (i) as immediate corollaries. Our methods are nevertheless elementary and, in most cases, simpler than those by which the classical results were obtained.