Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring
WSNA '02 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications
Energy Scavenging for Mobile and Wireless Electronics
IEEE Pervasive Computing
TinyNode: a comprehensive platform for wireless sensor network applications
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Energy-efficient platform designs for real-world wireless sensing applications
ICCAD '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
Design considerations for solar energy harvesting wireless embedded systems
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Perpetual environmentally powered sensor networks
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Energy scavenging and power management in networks of autonomous microsensors
Microelectronics Journal
Indoor solar energy harvesting for sensor network router nodes
Microprocessors & Microsystems
Long-duration solar-powered wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th workshop on Embedded networked sensors
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Review: Wireless sensors in agriculture and food industry-Recent development and future perspective
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Emerging techniques for long lived wireless sensor networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
A solar-powered wireless cell for dynamically monitoring soil water content
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Modular plug-and-play power resources for energy-aware wireless sensor nodes
SECON'09 Proceedings of the 6th Annual IEEE communications society conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks
WATTR: a method for self-powered wireless sensing of water activity in the home
Proceedings of the 12th ACM international conference on Ubiquitous computing
An autonomous intelligent gateway infrastructure for in-field processing in precision viticulture
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
A low-cost system to detect bunches of grapes in natural environment from color images
ACIVS'11 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Advanced concepts for intelligent vision systems
Proceedings of the eighth IEEE/ACM/IFIP international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
A survey of multi-source energy harvesting systems
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Smart power unit with ultra low power radio trigger capabilities for wireless sensor networks
DATE '12 Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
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The deployment of large mesh-type wireless networks is a challenge due to the multitude of arising issues. Perpetual operation of a network node is undoubtedly one of the major goals of any energy-aware protocol or power-efficient hardware platform. Energy harvesting has emerged as the natural way to keep small stationary hardware platforms running, even when operating continuously as network routing devices. This paper analyses solar radiation, wind and water flow as feasible energy sources that can be explored to meet the energy needs of a wireless sensor network router within the context of precision agriculture, and presents a multi-powered platform solution for wireless devices. Experimental results prove that our prototype, the MPWiNodeX, can manage simultaneously the three energy sources for charging a NiMH battery pack, resulting in an almost perpetual operation of the evaluated ZigBee network router. In addition to this, the energy scavenging techniques double up as sensors, yielding data on the amount of solar radiation, water flow and wind speed, a capability that avoids the use of specific sensors.