Optimal cluster number selection in ad-hoc wireless sensor networks

Authors:
Tung-Jung Chan;Ching-Mu Chen;Yung-Fa Huang;Jen-Yung Lin;Tair-Rong Chen
Affiliations:
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City, Taiwan, R.O.C. and Department of Electrical Engineering, Chung Chou Institute of Technology, Changhu ...;Department of Electrical Engineering, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City, Taiwan, R.O.C. and Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chung Chou Institute ...;Graduate Institute of Networking and Communication Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung County, Taiwan, R.O.C.;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Dayeh University, Changhua, Taiwan, Taiwan, R.O.C.;Department of Electrical Engineering, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Venue:
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS
Year:
2008

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Abstract

In clustering-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs), a certain sensing area is divided into many sub-areas. Cluster formation and cluster head selection are well done in the setup phase. With the pre-determined probability and random, every round in the WSNs has the different cluster numbers and cluster heads. However, the well known technique in cluster-based WSN is especially the low energy adaptive cluster hierarchy (LEACH) and its energy performance is improved due to the scheme of clustering, probability, and random. The clustering-based WSN has sensor nodes organized themselves with the pre-determined variable p to form clusters. With the pre-determined p variable and probability, every round has different cluster numbers which are not the optimal solution. Therefore, in order to evenly consume nodes' energy, this paper proposes a fixed optimal cluster (FOC) numbers that is to analyze the entire network first to have the optimal cluster numbers and then apply it to form the optimal cluster numbers. Moreover, there are two different types of the optimal cluster numbers depending on the location of the base station. One is that the base station is setup at the center of the sensing area. The other is that the base station is setup at the far way of the sensing area. Finally, by the optimization analysis of cluster numbers applied to the ad-hoc WSN before sensor nodes are randomly deployed, the simulation results show the entire network lifetime can be extended very well.