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Information and control in gray-box systems
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
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ICNP '01 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols
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IEEE Security and Privacy
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Mitigating attacks on open functionality in SMS-capable cellular networks
Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
On attack causality in internet-connected cellular networks
SS'07 Proceedings of 16th USENIX Security Symposium on USENIX Security Symposium
CAPTCHA: using hard AI problems for security
EUROCRYPT'03 Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Theory and applications of cryptographic techniques
Recognizing objects in adversarial clutter: breaking a visual captcha
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Mitigating attacks on open functionality in SMS-capable cellular networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
On cellular botnets: measuring the impact of malicious devices on a cellular network core
Proceedings of the 16th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
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Proceedings of the 16th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
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DIMVA'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Detection of intrusions and malware, and vulnerability assessment
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Cellular networks are a critical component of the economic and social infrastructures in which we live. In addition to voice services, these networks deliver alphanumeric text messages to the vast majority of wireless subscribers. To encourage the expansion of this new service, telecommunications companies offer connections between their networks and the Internet. The ramifications of such connections, however, have not been fully recognized. In this paper, we evaluate the security impact of the SMS interface on the availability of the cellular phone network. Specifically, we describe the ability to deny voice service to cities the size of Washington DC and Manhattan with little more than a cable modem. Moreover, attacks targeting the entire United States are feasible with resources available to medium-sized zombie networks. This analysis begins with an exploration of the structure of cellular networks. We then characterize network behavior and explore a number of reconnaissance techniques aimed at effectively targeting attacks on these systems. We conclude by discussing countermeasures that mitigate or eliminate the threats introduced by these attacks.