Algorithms for Single-Source Vertex Connectivity

  • Authors:
  • Julia Chuzhoy;Sanjeev Khanna

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-

  • Venue:
  • FOCS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 49th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

In the Survivable Network Design Problem (SNDP) the goal is tofind a minimum cost subset of edges that satisfies a given set ofpairwise connectivity requirements among the vertices. Thisgeneral network design framework has been studied extensively andis tied to the development of major algorithmic techniques. Forthe edge-connectivity version of the problem, a $2$-approximationalgorithm is known for arbitrary pairwise connectivityrequirements. However, no non-trivial algorithms are known for itsvertex connectivity counterpart. In fact, even highly restrictedspecial cases of the vertex connectivity version remain poorlyunderstood.We study the single-source $k$-vertex connectivity version ofSNDP. We are given a graph $G(V,E)$ with a subset $T$ of terminalsand a source vertex $s$, and the goal is to find a minimum costsubset of edges ensuring that every terminal is $k$-vertexconnected to $s$. Our main result is an $O(k \log n)$-approximation algorithm for this problem; this improves uponthe recent $2^{O(k^2)}\log^4n$-approximation. Our algorithm isbased on an intuitive rerouting scheme. The analysis relies on astructural result that may be of independent interest: we showthat any solution can be decomposed into a disjoint collection ofmultiple-legged spiders, which are then used to re-route flow fromterminals to the source via other terminals.We also obtain the first non-trivial approximation algorithm forthe vertex-cost version of the same problem, achieving an $O(k^7 \log^2 n)$-approximation.