A fast MPEG video encryption algorithm
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Digital watermarking
Shift Register Sequences
A case for a multi-key secure video proxy: theory, design, and implementation
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Chameleon - A New Kind of Stream Cipher
FSE '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption
Multimedia Security Handbook
An Introduction to Cryptography, Second Edition (Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications)
An Introduction to Cryptography, Second Edition (Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications)
Multimedia Content Encryption: Techniques and Applications
Multimedia Content Encryption: Techniques and Applications
Secure watermark embedding through partial encryption
IWDW'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Digital Watermarking
Efficient frequency domain selective scrambling of digital video
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Secure advanced video coding based on selective encryption algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Counterfeiting attacks on oblivious block-wise independent invisible watermarking schemes
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Blind MPEG-2 video watermarking robust against geometric attacks: a set of approaches in DCT domain
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A joint signal processing and cryptographic approach to multimedia encryption
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Embedding image watermarks in dc components
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Commutative Encryption and Watermarking in Video Compression
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A new approach to commutative watermarking-encryption
CMS'12 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 6/TC 11 international conference on Communications and Multimedia Security
Partial encryption and watermarking scheme for audio files with controlled degradation of quality
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Joint watermarking and encryption for still visual data
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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Commutative Watermarking and Encryption (CWE) provides a solution for interoperation between watermarking and encryption. It realizes the challenging operation that embeds a watermark into the encrypted multimedia data directly, which avoids the decryption---watermarking---encryption triples. Till now, few CWE schemes have been reported. They often obtain the commutative property by partitioning multimedia data into independent parts (i.e., the encryption part and the watermarking part). Since the two parts are isolated, it can not keep secure enough against replacement attacks. To avoid the disadvantage, a novel quasi-commutative watermarking and encryption (QCWE) scheme based on quasi-commutative operations is proposed in this paper. In the proposed scheme, the encryption operation and watermarking operation are applied to the same data part. Since the two operations are homogenous with commutative properties, their orders can be commutated. As an example, the scheme for MPEG2 video encryption and watermarking is presented. In this example, the DCs in intra macroblocks are encrypted or watermarked based on random module addition, while the DCs in other macroblocks and all the ACs' signs are encrypted with a stream cipher or block cipher. Analysis and experiments show that the scheme obtains high perceptual security and time efficiency, and the watermarking and encryption operations can be commutated. These properties make the scheme a suitable choice for efficient media content distribution. Additionally, the paper shows the availability of constructing the commutative watermarking and encryption scheme with homogenous operations, which is expected to activate the new research topic.