Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Link-level measurements from an 802.11b mesh network
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Comparison of routing metrics for static multi-hop wireless networks
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless mesh networks
Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
ExOR: opportunistic multi-hop routing for wireless networks
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Architecture and evaluation of an unplanned 802.11b mesh network
Proceedings of the 11th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Design and evaluation of a new MAC protocol for long-distance 802.11 mesh networks
Proceedings of the 11th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Deploying a Wireless Sensor Network on an Active Volcano
IEEE Internet Computing
Measurement driven deployment of a two-tier urban mesh access network
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Cross-layer interference-aware routing for wireless multi-hop networks
Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Wireless communications and mobile computing
Measurement-based models of delivery and interference in static wireless networks
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Implications of link range and (In)stability on sensor network architecture
WiNTECH '06 Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on Wireless network testbeds, experimental evaluation & characterization
Long-distance 802.11b links: performance measurements and experience
Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
FRACTEL: a fresh perspective on (rural) mesh networks
Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for developing regions
Brimon: a sensor network system for railway bridge monitoring
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
WiLdnet: design and implementation of high performancewifi based long distance networks
NSDI'07 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Networked systems design & implementation
Experiences in using WiFi for rural internet in India
IEEE Communications Magazine
FloorNet: deployment and evaluation of a multihop wireless 802.11 testbed
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking - Special issue on simulators and experimental testbeds design and development for wireless networks
Accuracy of link status detection in wireless multi-hop networks
Proceedings of the 13th ACM international conference on Modeling, analysis, and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Experimental analysis and characterization of a wireless sensor network environment
Proceedings of the 7th ACM workshop on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks
Complexity and design of QoS routing algorithms in wireless mesh networks
Computer Communications
Improving wireless link simulation using multilevel markov models
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
Optimal multipath forwarding in planned Wireless Mesh Networks
Computer Communications
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Outdoor community mesh networks based on IEEE 802.11 have seen tremendous growth in the recent past. The current understanding is that wireless link performance in these settings is inherently unpredictable, due to multipath delay spread. Consequently, researchers have focused on developing intelligent routing techniques to achieve the best possible performance. In this paper, we are specifically interested in mesh networks in rural locations. We first present detailed measurements to show that the PHY layer in these settings is indeed stable and predictable. There is a strong correlation between the error rate and the received signal strength. We show that interference, and not multipath fading, is the primary cause of unpredictable performance. This is in sharp contrast with current widespread knowledge from prior studies. Furthermore, we corroborate our view with a fresh analysis of data presented in these prior studies. While our initial measurements focus on 802.11b, we then use two different PHY technologies as well, operating in the 2.4-GHz ISM band: 802.11g and 802.15.4. These show similar results too. Based on our results, we argue that outdoor rural mesh networks can indeed be built with the link abstraction being valid. This has several design implications, including at the MAC and routing layers, and opens up a fresh perspective on a wide range of technical issues in this domain.