ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Link-level measurements from an 802.11b mesh network
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless mesh networks
Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
The changing usage of a mature campus-wide wireless network
Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Design and evaluation of a new MAC protocol for long-distance 802.11 mesh networks
Proceedings of the 11th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Long distance wireless mesh network planning: problem formulation and solution
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
Heraklion MESH: an experimental metropolitan multi-radio mesh network
Proceedings of the second ACM international workshop on Wireless network testbeds, experimental evaluation and characterization
SensorFlock: an airborne wireless sensor network of micro-air vehicles
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Multi-user data sharing in radar sensor networks
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Simplifying fault diagnosis in locally managed rural WiFi networks
Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for developing regions
FRACTEL: a fresh perspective on (rural) mesh networks
Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for developing regions
On the feasibility of IEEE 802.11 multi-channel multi-hop mesh networks
Computer Communications
Dynamic adaptation of CSMA/CA MAC protocol for wide area wireless mesh networks
Computer Communications
Are 802.11 link quality broadcast measurements always reliable?
CoNEXT '06 Proceedings of the 2006 ACM CoNEXT conference
Beyond pilots: keeping rural wireless networks alive
NSDI'08 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Testbeds and research infrastructures for the development of networks & communities
Very long distance wi-fi networks
Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Networked systems for developing regions
An adaptive, high performance mac for long-distance multihop wireless networks
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Mobile computing and networking
A multi-radio 802.11 mesh network architecture
Mobile Networks and Applications
MoteFinder: a deployment tool for sensor networks
Proceedings of the workshop on Real-world wireless sensor networks
A measurement study of a commercial-grade urban wifi mesh
Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
Experimentation and performance evaluation of rate adaptation algorithms in wireless mesh networks
Proceedings of the 5th ACM symposium on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
On the feasibility of the link abstraction in wireless mesh networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Carrier sensing and receiver performance in indoor IEEE 802.11b mesh networks
Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing: Connecting the World Wirelessly
The importance of being overheard: throughput gains in wireless mesh networks
Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference
Measurement-based frame error model for simulating outdoor Wi-Fi networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Online optimization of 802.11 mesh networks
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
Laboratory performance of Wi-Fi point-to-point links: a case study
WTS'09 Proceedings of the 2009 conference on Wireless Telecommunications Symposium
Experimental study of link and transport protocols in interference-prone wireless LAN environments
COMSNETS'09 Proceedings of the First international conference on COMmunication Systems And NETworks
A general framework for efficient geographic routing in wireless networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Time-correlated fading can mitigate rate anomaly in IEEE 802.11 WLANs
ISCIT'09 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Communications and information technologies
A MAR-based QoS routing in long-distance wireless networks
Proceedings of the 6th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference
Propagation delay influence in IEEE 802.11 outdoor networks
Wireless Networks
Joint routing and scheduling in multi-hop wireless networks with directional antennas
INFOCOM'10 Proceedings of the 29th conference on Information communications
Efficient error estimating coding: feasibility and applications
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2010 conference
Energy-efficient communication in next generation rural-area wireless networks
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM workshop on Cognitive radio networks
Using directionality in mobile routing
Wireless Networks
Performance of a point-to-multipoint WiFi network in 400/700 MHz band
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology
Usage patterns in an urban WiFi network
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Traffic characterization and internet usage in rural Africa
Proceedings of the 20th international conference companion on World wide web
WiLdnet: design and implementation of high performancewifi based long distance networks
NSDI'07 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Networked systems design & implementation
Efficient error estimating coding: feasibility and applications
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Adaptive forward error correction for real-time groupware
Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Supporting group work
A telemedicine WiFi network optimized for long distances in the Amazonian jungle of Peru
Proceedings of the 3rd Extreme Conference on Communication: The Amazon Expedition
Mitigating multi-path fading in a mobile mesh network
Ad Hoc Networks
Experimental evaluation of a wireless community mesh network
Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Modeling, analysis & simulation of wireless and mobile systems
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The use of 802.11 long-distance links is a cost-effective means of providing wireless connectivity to rural areas. Although deployments in this setting are increasing, a systematic study of the performance of 802.11 in these settings is lacking. The contributions of this paper are two-fold: (a)we present a detailed performance study of a set of long-distance 802.11b links at various layers of the network stack, and (b)we document the various non-obvious experiences during our study.Our study includes eight long-distance links, ranging from 1km to 37km in length. Unlike prior studies of outdoor 802.11 links, we find that the error rate as a function of the received signal strength behaves close to theory. Time correlation of any packet errors is negligible across a range of time-scales. We have observed at least one of the link to be robust to rain and fog. But any interference on the long-distance links can be detrimental to performance. Apart from this however, such long-distance links can be planned to work well with predictable performance. During our measurements, we have observed a few hardware/driver quirks as well as system bottlenecks apart from the wireless link itself. We believe that our measurements and the documentation of our experience will help future network planning as well as protocol design for these networks.