TCP and explicit congestion notification
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Effect of Local Retransmission at Wireless Access Points on the Round Trip Time Estimation of TCP
SS '98 Proceedings of the The 31st Annual Simulation Symposium
The power of explicit congestion notification
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
SCTP Performance Issue on Path Delay Differential
WWIC '07 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Wired/Wireless Internet Communications
NETWORKING'08 Proceedings of the 7th international IFIP-TC6 networking conference on AdHoc and sensor networks, wireless networks, next generation internet
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As a transport layer protocol SCTP uses end to end metrics, such as Retransmission Time Out (RTO), to manage mobility handover. Our investigation illustrates that Wireless LAN (WLAN) mobility causes continuously increased Round Trip Times (RTT) resulting from 802.11 MAC retransmissions, regardless of the service specified by upper layers. We present scenarios where the current understanding of SCTP switchover aggressiveness is invalid; spurious failovers together with excessive RTO result in new forms of receiver buffer blocking communication failure. Given wireless mobility performance issues, together with the ambiguity of end to end metrics, we propose an Adaptive Optimized RTO algorithm for wireless Access Networks (AORAN) which uses local as well as end to end metrics to manage mobility. AORAN measures RTT between the mobile node and Access Point (AP) to calculate wireless and Internet RTO subcomponents. We also show binary exponential backoff has negative effects on SCTP with increased wireless RTT; AORAN introduces a decision mechanism which implements backoff on RTO subcomponents only when appropriate.